Đề ôn thi Đánh giá năng lực Đại học Sư phạm Hà Nội môn Tiếng Anh có đáp án - Đề số 4

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the numbered blanks.

Solutions sought to restore Mekong Delta wetland ecosystems

    A workshop on sustainable (6) ______ of wetland ecosystems in the Mekong Delta was held on Tuesday in Tram Chim Commune, Dong Thap Province, bringing together experts, scientists, and conservation stakeholders to discuss solutions amid growing environmental challenges.

    The event was co-organized by Tram Chim National Park and the Mekong Conservancy Foundation (MCF), with support from the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) in Vietnam. It (7) ______ participants from research institutes, universities, national parks, nature reserves, and non-governmental organizations.

    During the event, it is pointed out that wetlands in the region are (8) ______ increasing pressures, including overexploitation of aquatic resources, intensive aquaculture, urban and industrial expansion, waterway transport, pollution, and environmental incidents.

Participants agreed that wetland restoration is now an urgent task. The workshop concluded with a series of strategic (9) ______ including expanding the representativeness of wetland protected areas, promoting science-based “transboundary conservation” approaches beyond existing reserves, and applying regenerative agriculture practices.

    Officials at the workshop called for improving legal frameworks on wetland conservation, expanding protected natural wetland areas, and strengthening conservation measures outside (10) ______ zones. Raising awareness and capacity among authorities and communities, along with tighter control of harmful activities, will also be essential.

    Experts emphasized the need to promote circular, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly economic models in Ramsar sites and key wetlands, (11) ______ to sustainable development across the Mekong Delta.

(Adapted from https://vietnamnews.vn/environment/1778035/solutions-sought-to-restore-mekong-delta-wetland-ecosystems.html)

Traditional festivals - Strategic resources driving tourism development

    Beyond offering opportunities for people to reconnect with their roots and experience (12) ______ historical and cultural values, traditional festivals are emerging as strategic resources that promote tourism and support local economic growth.

    Running from February 18 to May 11, the Huong Pagoda Festival in Hanoi has drawn large crowds. On the opening day alone, tens of thousands of visitors arrived despite cold and rainy weather. Earlier, from the first to the fifth day of the Lunar New Year, the site welcomed nearly 136,000 visitors, (13) ______ up 138% year-on-year.

    The Giong Festival at Soc Temple in Hanoi drew over 45,000 people during its three main days, while the Yen Tu Historical Complex in Quang Ninh welcomed more than 60,000 pilgrims in just three days after opening. Meanwhile, the Ba Chua Xu Festival at Nui Sam in An Giang province, now in its second year since being recognized by UNESCO as a Representative (14) ______ Cultural Heritage of Humanity, (15) ______.

    These figures highlight the growing appeal of festivals and their contribution to increasing visitor numbers and tourism revenues. Alongside (16) ______, a shift in mindset among local cultural authorities - viewing festivals not only as spiritual practices but also as cultural tourism products - has significantly enhanced their (17) ______.

(Adapted from https://en.vietnamplus.vn/traditional-festivals-strategic-resources-driving-tourism-development-post339953.vnp)

PART II. READING (2.5 points)

PASSAGE 1

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the questions.

    During the COVID-19 pandemic, many banks took drastic measures. For example, The Federal Reserve began quarantining money, while some regions of China took away and disinfected banknotes. Simultaneously, banks encouraged the public to shift towards electronic payments, which was met with a positive response. In the UK, contactless payments increased by 36% between 2020 and 2021.

    Today, many people are embracing the cashless economy due to its numerous advantages. For a start, it’s safer, as cash is easily stolen. Credit and debit cards are too, but it’s possible to trace payments and cancel the cards. Mobile payments are even more secure. [I] As well as that, all your transactions are logged, making record-keeping far simpler. Banks, businesses and governments are also keen to pave the way for the transition. Cashless transactions make it easier for them to collect data, identify economic trends and detect fraud. [II]

    However, society may not be ready to abandon cash entirely. Recent data shows that cash has made a comeback since the cost of living started to rise steeply. That’s not unusual since people tend to prefer having paper money at hand when times are hard. Using notes and coins helps people budget, whereas, with electronic payments, it’s harder to keep track of where your money is going. [III]

    Even if cash payments don’t vanish entirely, economies are becoming far less reliant on them. While switching to electronic payments is simple and convenient for many people, it poses challenges for those relying on cash, such as the homeless, the undocumented or the elderly. [IV] As more stores refuse cash and the number of ATMs drops, these individuals may become increasingly marginalized.

    Despite the popularity of electronic transactions, it’s clear that they won’t become the sole transaction method, at least in the near future. While companies continue to innovate, it remains crucial not to abandon those who still depend on traditional payment methods.

(Adapted from https://test-english.com/reading/b2/do-we-need-cash-anymore-b2-reading-test/)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the questions.

    In recent years, gender equality policies have gained significant attention and advocacy, fueled by a growing recognition of the disparities that persist in the workplace. Over time, the dialogue surrounding these policies continues to evolve, influenced by social factors.

    Several key trends are shaping gender equality initiatives across various sectors. One prominent trend is the shift towards transparency in pay scales. Businesses are now more frequently publishing salary ranges for job postings and conducting internal pay audits. These practices aim to address systemic pay disparities and hold organizations accountable for equitable compensation across genders. Another significant trend is the growing emphasis on flexible work arrangements. The COVID-19 pandemic fundamentally changed workplace dynamics, prompting many organizations to adopt remote work policies and flexible schedules. Companies that support work-life balance and offer fair parental leave are set apart as leaders in gender equality. These initiatives not only contribute to employee satisfaction but also attract a diverse talent pool.

    Despite progressive trends, gender inequality hasn’t been eradicated. One major problem is societal stereotypes and biases that persist in many workplaces. These biases can affect hiring decisions, promotion opportunities, and interpersonal relationships among employees. For instance, women may face skepticism about their capabilities in leadership roles, leading to fewer women in senior positions despite similar qualifications. Another issue is the resistance from some employees. Some individuals may perceive policies advocating for gender equality as preferential treatment, leading to workplace divisions rather than unity.

    In conclusion, achieving true gender equality requires more than just professional rules; it requires a shift in how we think and behave. By combining policies with open communication and cultural change, companies can overcome deep biases. Ultimately, a workplace that values everyone equally is likely to reach financial success in the long run.

B. VIẾT TRÊN TỜ GIẤY THI

PART III. WORD FORMATION (1 point)

Complete the text below with the correct form of the words in capitals.