Đề ôn thi Đánh giá năng lực Đại học Sư phạm Hà Nội môn Tiếng Anh có đáp án - Đề số 2

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the numbered blanks.

Regulations on Procedures for Pets on International Flights

Many passengers wish to bring their pets on long-term trips abroad. Therefore, understanding the procedures for bringing pets on international flights (6) ______ any trip more convenient.

Accordingly, a few airlines accept (7) ______ pets on planes. Depending on the weight, each airline will have different (8) ______. At Vietjet, pets are allowed on flights as checked luggage and are placed in the cargo hold.

(9) ______ bringing pets on international flights, passengers need to check the regulations of the destination country to see whether they (10) ______ animals. To ensure that your pet can accompany you on the flight, passengers need to prepare the following documents:

•   Animal quarantine certificate

•   Vaccination and disease prevention certificate

•   Entry permit for the destination country

Additionally, passengers must comply with some regulations and notes during the flight with their pets:

•   Passengers are (11) ______ for any risks that may occur to their pets during the flight.

•   Passengers need to prepare a spacious, well-ventilated cage and sufficient food and water for their pets during transportation.

•   Do not give pets sedatives or sleeping pills as heat shock may occur. In this case, pets may not be able to regulate their body temperatures in time and could be at risk."

(Adapted from https://www.vietjetair.com/en/news/travel-guides-1665635013747/latest-procedures-for-international-air-travel-in-2024-1721093027681)

Child marriage in Nepal

    Nepal has made important (12) ______ over the past few years to promote equality, but the country still has one of the highest rates of child marriage in the world. 41% of Nepalese girls are married before the age of 18.

    Poverty is both a cause and consequence of child marriage in Nepal. Girls from the wealthiest families marry 2 years later than those from the poorest, who are seen as an economic burden, and who drop out of school and earn little money.

    Food insecurity plays an important role too. Nepalese families (13) ______ are more likely to marry their daughters at a young age to decrease the financial burden. One study shows that 91% of people who (14) ______ access to food married over the age of 19.

    Dowry is also common practice in many communities. Parents marry their daughters as soon as possible because the money they have to pay to the groom’s family is higher if their daughter is older.

    Since 2010, the legal age of marriage is 20 for both men and women, or 18 with parental consent, according to the Nepalese Country Code.

    The law states that punishment for child marriage is (15) ______ for up to three years and a fine of up to 10,000 rupees (£102). But reports suggest that this law is rarely applied.

    There has been quite a lot of progress in Nepal over the past 3 years with (16) ______ to ending child marriage and civil society cooperation.

    The Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare is currently developing Nepal’s first national strategy on child marriage in collaboration with UNICEF Nepal and Girls Not Brides Nepal. However, (17) ______, the national strategy has been delayed.

(Adapted from https://test-english.com/reading/b1/child-marriage-nepal/)

PASSAGE 1

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the questions.

    The Olympic Games have long been a symbol of unity, athleticism, and international cooperation. Dating back thousands of years, the history of the Olympic Games is as fascinating as it is inspiring. [I]

    The roots of the Olympic Games can be traced back to 776 BC in Olympia, Greece. Initially established as a festival honoring Zeus, these athletic competitions were held every four years and featured participants from various Greek city-states. [II] The games included events like running, wrestling, boxing, and chariot racing, emphasizing physical prowess and skill. The Olympics not only showcased athletic talent but also served as a unifying event that fostered peace among rival city-states during its celebration.

    As centuries passed, the Olympic Games evolved significantly. [III] However, in 393 AD Emperor Theodosius I banned pagan festivals including the Olympics as part of his effort to promote Christianity across his empire. This led to a decline in popularity until they faded into obscurity for over a millennium. [IV]

    In 1896, French educator Pierre de Coubertin spearheaded efforts to revive the ancient tradition by establishing the International Olympic Committee (IOC). In the same year, the first modern Olympics took place in Athens with 13 nations participating in 43 events. This revival aimed not only to restore athletic competition but also to promote international unity through sportsmanship - principles that continue to define today’s games.

    Since its revival in 1896, participation has expanded dramatically. The introduction of winter sports in 1924 allowed athletes from colder climates to compete alongside their summer counterparts. As countries worldwide began sending teams and athletes emerged on an international scale, barriers related to gender and race were gradually dismantled — culminating in significant milestones such as women competing for medals starting in 1900 and diverse representation becoming more prominent over time.

    Today’s Olympic Games are celebrated globally but face challenges such as political controversies and concerns about doping among athletes. Despite these issues, they remain an enduring symbol of resilience and unity among nations — a platform where athletes can showcase their talents while inspiring hope across borders during times of uncertainty.

    From their ancient beginnings rooted deeply within Greek culture to their current status as one of humanity’s most beloved sporting events; understanding the history behind the Olympic Games helps people appreciate both its past achievements and future potential.

(Adapted from https://www.simpli.com/world-events/unveiling-ancient-origins-comprehensive-history-olympic-games)

PASSAGE 2

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the questions.

    In the heart of bustling cities, where concrete towers and asphalt streets dominate, a new movement is taking root. Vertical gardens are transforming urban environments by introducing greenery into spaces previously reserved for sterile, artificial surfaces.

    At its core, a vertical garden is a system where plants grow on a vertically inclined surface, often supported by a specially designed structure. Unlike traditional gardens that spread horizontally, vertical gardens utilize walls or columns, making them an ideal solution for urban spaces where horizontal space is scarce but vertical surfaces are abundant. These installations can vary from small, decorative patches on building facades to entire skyscrapers covered in greenery.

    Vertical gardens are not just a decorative trend; they offer green solutions to multiple problems at once. They provide insulation benefits that can enhance a building’s energy efficiency by acting as a buffer between the building’s exterior and the elements, reducing heat loss during colder months and limiting heat gain during warmer months, thus leading to reduced energy consumption. Incorporating vertical gardens into buildings can also improve sound insulation by absorbing noise pollution from traffic and construction. These gardens also help restore ecological balance and promote biodiversity in cities by supporting pollinators such as bees and butterflies or providing refuge and food for bird species.

    Despite their many benefits, vertical gardens present some challenges. While these gardens are often designed with automated irrigation systems, they still require regular upkeep, including pruning, replanting, and monitoring for pests or diseases. Without proper maintenance, vertical gardens can deteriorate, leading to unsightly and unhealthy plant growth. Installation cost is another factor; the upfront expenses can be prohibitively high for some developers, although long-term energy savings may offset them. There are also technical considerations, such as ensuring that the structural integrity of the building can support the additional weight of the garden. Proper drainage and waterproofing are essential to prevent water damage to facades, and selecting the right plant species for local conditions is crucial for the garden’s success.

    Vertical gardens represent a powerful convergence of nature and technology, offering a solution to many of the challenges faced by modern cities. They are not a passing trend but in fact a vital part of the urban landscape - a new oasis that reconnects city dwellers with the natural world.

(Adapted from https://www.demodemagazine.com/vertical-gardens-the-new-urban-oasis-de-mode-global)

PART III. WORD FORMATION (1 point)

Complete the text below with the correct form of the words in capitals.