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1400 câu trắc nghiệm Đọc hiểu Tiếng Anh có đáp án - Phần 18
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50 câu hỏi
1. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The handling and delivery of mail has always been a serious business, underpinned by the trust of the public in requiring timeliness, safety, and confidentiality. After early beginnings using horseback and stagecoach, and although cars and trucks later replaced stagecoaches and wagons, the Railway Mail Service still stands as one of America’s most resourceful and exciting postal innovations. This service began in 1832, but grew slowly until the Civil War. Then from 1862, by sorting the mail on board moving trains, the Post Office Department was able to decentralize its operations as railroads began to crisscross the nation on a regular basis, and speed up mail delivery. This service lasted until 1974. During peak decades of service, railway mail clerks handled 93% of all non-local mail and by 1905 the service had over 12,000 employees. Railway Post Office trains used a system of mail cranes to exchange mail at stations without stopping. As a train approached the crane, a clerk prepared the catcher arm which would then snatch the incoming mailbag in the blink of an eye. The clerk then booted out the outgoing mailbag. Experienced clerks were considered the elite of the Postal Service’s employees, and spoke with pride of making the switch at night with nothing but the curves and feel of the track to warn them of an upcoming catch. They also worked under the greatest pressure and their jobs were considered to be exhausting and dangerous. In addition to regular demands of their jobs they could find themselves the victims of train wrecks and robberies. As successful as it was, “mail-on-the-fly” still had its share of glitches. If they hoisted the train’s catcher arm too soon, they risked hitting switch targets, telegraph poles or semaphores, which would rip the catcher arm off the train. Too late, and they would miss an exchange.
The public expects the following three services in handling and delivery of mail except ______.
safety
accuracy
confidentiality
timeliness
Xem đáp án
Đáp án B
Dẫn chứng ngay câu đầu tiên: “The handling and delivery of mail has always been a serious business, underpinned by the trust of the public in requiring timeliness, safety, and confidentiality” – (Việc xử lí và chuyển phát thư luôn là một công việc đòi hỏi tính nghiêm túc, được củng cố bởi lòng tin của công chúng trên yêu cầu về tính đúng hạn, tính an toàn và tính bảo mật)
⇒ Từ đó loại ra đáp án B không được đề cập tới
Dẫn chứng ngay câu đầu tiên: “The handling and delivery of mail has always been a serious business, underpinned by the trust of the public in requiring timeliness, safety, and confidentiality” – (Việc xử lí và chuyển phát thư luôn là một công việc đòi hỏi tính nghiêm túc, được củng cố bởi lòng tin của công chúng trên yêu cầu về tính đúng hạn, tính an toàn và tính bảo mật)
⇒ Từ đó loại ra đáp án B không được đề cập tới
2. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing. Explanations of animal behavior that leave out any sort of consciousness at all and ascribe actions entirely to instinct leave many questions unanswered. One example of such unexplained behavior: Honeybees communicate the sources of nectar to one another by doing a dance in a figure-eight pattern. The orientation of the dance conveys the position of the food relative to the sun's position in the sky, and the speed of the dance tells how far the food source is from the hive. Most researchers assume that the ability to perform and encode the dance is innate and shows no special intelligence. But in one study, when experimenters kept changing the site of the food source, each time moving the food 25 percent farther from the previous site, foraging honeybees began to anticipate where the food source would appear next. When the researchers arrived at the new location, they would find the bees circling the spot, waiting for their food. No one has yet explained how bees, whose brains weigh four ten-thousandths of an ounce, could have inferred the location of the new site. Other behaviors that may indicate some cognition include tool use. Many animals, like the otter who uses a stone to crack mussel shells, are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentary tools. One researcher has found that mother chimpanzees occasionally show their young how to use tools to open hard nuts. In one study, chimpanzees compared two pairs of food wells containing chocolate chips. One pair might contain, say, five chips and three chips, the other our chips and three chips. Allowed to choose which pair they wanted, the chimpanzees almost always chose the one with the higher total, showing some sort of summing ability. Other chimpanzees have learned to use numerals to label quantities of items and do simple sums.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
Observations that suggest consciousness in animal behavior.
The use of food in studies of animal behavior.
The role of instinct in animal behavior.
Differences between the behavior of animals in their natural environments and in laboratory experiments.
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Giải thích: Đoạn văn chủ yếu đề cập đến những quan sát mà từ đó cho thấy ý thức trong hành vi cảu động vật. Thông tin nằm ở:
“Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events,”
“Explanations of animal behavior that leave out any sort of consciousness at all”
“Other behaviors that may indicate some cognition include tool use. Many animals, like the otter who uses a stone to crack mussel shells, are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentary tools.
Giải thích: Đoạn văn chủ yếu đề cập đến những quan sát mà từ đó cho thấy ý thức trong hành vi cảu động vật. Thông tin nằm ở:
“Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events,”
“Explanations of animal behavior that leave out any sort of consciousness at all”
“Other behaviors that may indicate some cognition include tool use. Many animals, like the otter who uses a stone to crack mussel shells, are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentary tools.
3. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Which of the following is NOT discussed as an ability animals are thought to have?
Communicating emotions
Remembering past experiences
Selecting among choices
Anticipating events to come
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Thông tin nằm ở: “Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group.”
Thông tin nằm ở: “Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group.”
4. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
What did researchers discover in the study of honeybees discussed in paragraph 2?
Bees are able to travel at greater speeds than scientists thought.
The bees were able to determine in advance where scientists would place their food.
Changing the location of food caused bees to decrease their dance activity.
The bees could travel 25% farther than scientists expected.
Xem đáp án
Đáp án D
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “But in one study, when experimenters kept changing the site of the food source, each time moving the food 25 percent farther from the previous site”
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “But in one study, when experimenters kept changing the site of the food source, each time moving the food 25 percent farther from the previous site”
5. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
It can be inferred from the passage that brain size is assumed to ___________.
be an indicator of cognitive ability
be related to food consumption
correspond to levels of activity
vary among individuals within a species
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “No one has yet explained how bees, whose brains weigh four ten-thousandths of an ounce, could have inferred the location of the new site.”
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “No one has yet explained how bees, whose brains weigh four ten-thousandths of an ounce, could have inferred the location of the new site.”
6. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Why are otters and mussel shells included in the discussion in paragraph 3?
To provide that certain species demonstrate greater ability in tool use than other species.
To provide an example of tool use among animals.
To show that animals are very good at using objects in their habitat.
To provide an example of the use of weapons among animals.
Xem đáp án
Đáp án B
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “Other behaviors that may indicate some cognition include tool use.”
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “Other behaviors that may indicate some cognition include tool use.”
7. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The word “rudimentary” is closest in meaning to ___________.
technical
basic
superior
original
Xem đáp án
Đáp án B
Giải thích: rudimentary (adj) cơ bản = basic (adj) cơ bản, nền tảng
Giải thích: rudimentary (adj) cơ bản = basic (adj) cơ bản, nền tảng
8. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Scientists concluded from the experiment with chimpanzees and chocolate chips that chimpanzees __________.
prefer to work in pairs or groups
have difficulty selecting when given choices
lack abilities that other primates have
exhibit behavior that indicates certain mathematical abilities
Xem đáp án
Đáp án D
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “Allowed to choose which pair they wanted, the chimpanzees almost always chose the one with the higher total, showing some sort of summing ability. Other chimpanzees have learned to use numerals to label quantities of items and do simple sums.”
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “Allowed to choose which pair they wanted, the chimpanzees almost always chose the one with the higher total, showing some sort of summing ability. Other chimpanzees have learned to use numerals to label quantities of items and do simple sums.”
9. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
In the very distant geological past, all animals were aquatic. The very first vertebrates or animals with backbones, of which we have any fossil record, lived in water. These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living. Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: they had muscular tails so that they could swim swiftly in such a dense medium as water; and they were endowed with gills for breathing underwater. Descendants of fishtype ancestors crossed the seashore barrier and accommodated themselves to life on land. As amphibians, they possessed limbs instead of fins and lungs instead of gills. But they never became completely free of the bonds that tied them to the water; even today many amphibians return to the water to lay their eggs. Millions of years after the first clumsy amphibians crawled over the land, newer types of land dwellers appeared, these animals give rise to the present-day reptiles and mammals. They were completely converted for land dwelling, with bodies and biological activities far different from those of fish. With these special adaptations, mammals have been able to colonize the woods and meadows, the deserts and high mountains, often far removed from the sea.
Of the animals with backbones, the first to appear were ______
fish
amphibians
birds
mammals
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Giải thích: “The very first vertebrates or animals with backbones, of which we have any fossil record, lived in water. These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living.”
Giải thích: “The very first vertebrates or animals with backbones, of which we have any fossil record, lived in water. These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living.”
10. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Fish are suited to underwater life because of their ______
Gills
All of the answers
Streamlines shapes
Scales
Xem đáp án
Đáp án B
Giải thích: “Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: they had muscular tails so that they could swim swiftly in such a dense medium as water; and they were endowed with gills for breathing underwater.”
Giải thích: “Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: they had muscular tails so that they could swim swiftly in such a dense medium as water; and they were endowed with gills for breathing underwater.”
11. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The passage suggests that the first amphibians used their limbs to……..
jump
run
swim
craw
Xem đáp án
Đáp án D
Giải thích: “Millions of years after the first clumsy amphibians crawled over the land, ....”
Giải thích: “Millions of years after the first clumsy amphibians crawled over the land, ....”
12. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The word “descendants” is closest in meaning to _____.
Grandchildren
Ancestors
Descenders
Off spring
Xem đáp án
Đáp án D
Giải thích: descendants (n) thế hệ sau, con cháu
Giải thích: descendants (n) thế hệ sau, con cháu
13. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
An example of an amphibian’s incomplete adaptation to land life is…….
need to keep its skin wet
return to water to lay eggs
inability to breathe air
Scales-covered skin
Xem đáp án
Đáp án B
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “But they never became completely free of the bonds that tied them to the water; even today many amphibians return to the water to lay their eggs.”
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “But they never became completely free of the bonds that tied them to the water; even today many amphibians return to the water to lay their eggs.”
14. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Animals found desert living possible only _____
when they were fully adapted to land
after they could walk on two feet
when they became amphibious
if they migrated to sea periodically
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “They were completely converted for land dwelling, with bodies and biological activities far different from those of fish. With these special adaptations, mammals have been able to colonize the woods and meadows, the deserts ....”
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “They were completely converted for land dwelling, with bodies and biological activities far different from those of fish. With these special adaptations, mammals have been able to colonize the woods and meadows, the deserts ....”
15. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The seashore was a barrier for descendants of fish-type because………
crossing it required bodily changes.
every attempt to cross it ended in death.
the land once rose much higher above the sea.
once they crossed, there was no return.
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living. Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: they had muscular tails so that they could swim swiftly in such a dense medium as water; and they were endowed with gills for breathing underwater. Descendants of fish-type ancestors crossed the seashore barrier and accommodated themselves to life on land.”
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living. Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: they had muscular tails so that they could swim swiftly in such a dense medium as water; and they were endowed with gills for breathing underwater. Descendants of fish-type ancestors crossed the seashore barrier and accommodated themselves to life on land.”
16. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The adaptation process described in the article was completed……
By the receding of the sea
Through biological changes
Over millions of years and Through biological changes
Over millions of years
Xem đáp án
Đáp án C
Giải thích: Quá trình thích ứng hình thành qua thời gian dài và thông qua những biến đổi sinh học của cơ thể để thích ứng. Thông tin nằm ở: “Millions of years after the first clumsy amphibians crawled over the land, newer types of land dwellers appeared, these animals give rise to the present-day reptiles and mammals.” “These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living. Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: ...”
Giải thích: Quá trình thích ứng hình thành qua thời gian dài và thông qua những biến đổi sinh học của cơ thể để thích ứng. Thông tin nằm ở: “Millions of years after the first clumsy amphibians crawled over the land, newer types of land dwellers appeared, these animals give rise to the present-day reptiles and mammals.” “These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living. Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: ...”
17. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Telecommuting is some form of computer communication between employees’ homes and offices. For employees whose job involve sitting at a terminal or word processor entering data or typing reports, the location of the computer is of no consequence. If the machine can communicate over telephone lines, when the work is completed, employees can dial the office computer and transmit the material to their employers. A recent survey in USA Today estimates that there are approximately 8,7 million telecommuters. But although the numbers are rising annually, the trend does not appear to be as significant as predicted when Business Week published “The Portable Executive” as its cover story a few years ago. Why hasn’t telecommuting become more popular? Clearly, change simply takes time. But in addition, there has been active resistance on the part of many managers. These executives claim that supervising the telecommuters in a large work force scattered across the country would be too difficult, or, at least, systems for managing them are not yet developed, thereby complicating the manager’s responsibilities. It is also true that employees who are given the option of telecommuting are reluctant to accept the opportunity. Most people feel that they need regular interaction with a group, and many are concerned that they will not have the same consideration for advancement if they are not more visible in the office setting. Some people feel that even when a space in their homes is set aside as a work area, they never really get away from the office.
With which of the following topics is the passage primarily concerned?
An overview of telecommuting
The failure of telecommuting
The advantages of telecommuting
A definition of telecommuting
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Đoạn văn nêu lên định nghĩa về làm việc từ xa, thuận lợi, bất lợi của làm việc từ xa ⇒ Chủ đề của đoạn văn là Tổng quan về làm việc từ xa.
Đoạn văn nêu lên định nghĩa về làm việc từ xa, thuận lợi, bất lợi của làm việc từ xa ⇒ Chủ đề của đoạn văn là Tổng quan về làm việc từ xa.
18. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
How many Americans are involved in telecommuting?
More than predicted in Business Week
More than 8 million
Fewer than last year
Fewer than estimated in USA Today
Xem đáp án
Đáp án B
Thông tin ở câu: “A recent survey in USA Today estimates that there are approximately 8,7 million telecommuters.” (Một cuộc khảo sát gần đây ở USA Today ước tính có khoảng 8,7 triệu người làm việc từ xa.)
Thông tin ở câu: “A recent survey in USA Today estimates that there are approximately 8,7 million telecommuters.” (Một cuộc khảo sát gần đây ở USA Today ước tính có khoảng 8,7 triệu người làm việc từ xa.)
19. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The phrase “of no consequence” means ________.
of no use
irrelevant
of no good
unimportant
Xem đáp án
Đáp án D
of no consequence : không quan trọng = unimportant
of no consequence : không quan trọng = unimportant
20. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The author mentions all of the following as concerns of telecommuting EXCEPT ________.
the opportunities for advancement
the different system of supervision
the lack of interaction with a group
the work place is in the home
Xem đáp án
Đáp án B
Thông tin ở đoạn : “Most people feel that they need regular interaction with a group...” (Hầu hết mọi người cảm thấy rằng họ cần sự tương tác thường xuyên với một nhóm...) ⇒ Đáp án C “...many are concerned that they will not have the same consideration for advancement if they are not more visible in the office setting.” (...nhiều người lo ngại rằng họ sẽ không có sự cân nhắc tương tự cho việc thăng chức nếu họ không xuất hiện nhiều hơn trong bối cảnh văn phòng.) ⇒ Đáp án A. những cơ hội để thăng chức được nhắc đến
“Some people feel that even when a space in their homes is set aside as a work area, they never really get away from the office.” (Một số người cảm thấy rằng ngay cả khi một không gian trong nhà của họ được dành riêng như là một khu vực làm việc, họ vẫn không bao giờ thực sự rời khỏi văn phòng.) ⇒ Đáp án D. nơi làm việc là ở nhà được nhắc đến.
⇒ Chỉ có đáp án B không được nhắc đến như một mối quan tâm của làm việc từ xa.
Thông tin ở đoạn : “Most people feel that they need regular interaction with a group...” (Hầu hết mọi người cảm thấy rằng họ cần sự tương tác thường xuyên với một nhóm...) ⇒ Đáp án C “...many are concerned that they will not have the same consideration for advancement if they are not more visible in the office setting.” (...nhiều người lo ngại rằng họ sẽ không có sự cân nhắc tương tự cho việc thăng chức nếu họ không xuất hiện nhiều hơn trong bối cảnh văn phòng.) ⇒ Đáp án A. những cơ hội để thăng chức được nhắc đến
“Some people feel that even when a space in their homes is set aside as a work area, they never really get away from the office.” (Một số người cảm thấy rằng ngay cả khi một không gian trong nhà của họ được dành riêng như là một khu vực làm việc, họ vẫn không bao giờ thực sự rời khỏi văn phòng.) ⇒ Đáp án D. nơi làm việc là ở nhà được nhắc đến.
⇒ Chỉ có đáp án B không được nhắc đến như một mối quan tâm của làm việc từ xa.
21. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The word “them” in the second paragraph refers to ________.
telecommuters
systems
executives
responsibilities
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Thông tin ở câu: “These executives claim that supervising the telecommuters in a large work force scattered across the country would be too difficult, or, at least, systems for managing them are not yet developed, thereby complicatin the manager’s responsibilities.” (Các giám đốc điều hành cho rằng giám sát những người làm việc từ xa trong một lực lượng lao động lớn rải rác khắp đất nước sẽ là quá khó khăn, hoặc, ít nhất, các hệ thống để quản lý họ chưa được phát triển, do đó khiến trách nhiệm của người quản lý trở nên phức tạp.)
Thông tin ở câu: “These executives claim that supervising the telecommuters in a large work force scattered across the country would be too difficult, or, at least, systems for managing them are not yet developed, thereby complicatin the manager’s responsibilities.” (Các giám đốc điều hành cho rằng giám sát những người làm việc từ xa trong một lực lượng lao động lớn rải rác khắp đất nước sẽ là quá khó khăn, hoặc, ít nhất, các hệ thống để quản lý họ chưa được phát triển, do đó khiến trách nhiệm của người quản lý trở nên phức tạp.)
22. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The reason why telecommuting has not become popular is that the employees ________
need regular interaction with their families.
are worried about the promotion if they are not seen at the office.
feel that a work area in their home is away from the office.
are ignorant of telecommuting.
Xem đáp án
Đáp án B
Thông tin ở câu: “...many are concerned that they will not have the same consideration for advancement if they are not more visible in the office setting.” (...nhiều người lo ngại rằng họ sẽ không có sự cân nhắc tương tự cho việc thăng chức nếu họ không xuất hiện nhiều hơn trong bối cảnh văn phòng.)
Thông tin ở câu: “...many are concerned that they will not have the same consideration for advancement if they are not more visible in the office setting.” (...nhiều người lo ngại rằng họ sẽ không có sự cân nhắc tương tự cho việc thăng chức nếu họ không xuất hiện nhiều hơn trong bối cảnh văn phòng.)
23. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The word “reluctant” in line 13 can best be replaced by ________.
opposite
willing
hesitant
typical
Xem đáp án
Đáp án C
reluctant (adj): lưỡng lự ≈ hesitant (adj): do dự
reluctant (adj): lưỡng lự ≈ hesitant (adj): do dự
24. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
In my experience , freshmen today are different from those I knew when I started as a counselor and professor 25 years ago . College has always been demanding both academically and socially . But students now are less mature and often not ready for the responsibility of being in college .
. It is really too easy to point the finger at parents who protect their children from life’s obstacle. Parents, who handle every difficulty and every other responsibility for their children writing admission essays to picking college courses, certainly may contribute to their children’s lack of coping strategies. But we can look even more broadly to the social trends of today. How many people do you know who are on medication to prevent anxiety or depression? The number of students who arrive at college already medicated for unwanted emotions has increased dramatically in the past 10 years. We, as a society, don’t want to “feel” anything unpleasant and we certainly don’t want our children to “suffer”. The resulting problem is that by not experiencing negative emotions, one does not learn the necessary skills to tolerate and negotiate adversity. As a psychologist, I am well aware of the fact that some individuals suffer from depression and anxiety and can benefit from treatment, but I question the growing number of medicated adolescents today. Our world is more stressful in general because of the current economic and political realities, but I don’t believe that the college experience itself is more intense today than that of the past 10 years. What I do think is that many students are often not prepared to be young “adults” with all the responsibilities of life. What does this mean for college faculty and staff? We are required to assist in the basic parenting of these students – the student who complains that the professor didn’t remind her of the due date for an assignment that was clearly listed on the syllabus and the student who cheats on an assignment in spite of careful instructions about plagiarism. As college professors, we have to explain what it means to be an independent college student before we can even begin to teach. As parents and teachers we should expect young people to meet challenges. To encourage them in this direction, we have to step back and let them fail and pick themselves up and move forward. This approach needs to begin at an early age so that college can actually be a passage to independent adulthood. According to the writer, students today are different from those she knew in that they are ____________.
too ready for college
not as mature
not so academic
responsible for their work
Xem đáp án
Đáp án B
Thông tin ở câu: "But students now are less mature and often not ready for the responsibility of being in college." (Nhưng bây giờ sinh viên ít chín chắn hơn và thường không sẵn sàng để có trách nhiệm cho việc học đại học.)
25. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The word “handle” in parapgraph 2 mostly means ____________.
deal with
gain benefits from
lend a hand to
point at
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
(to) handle: xử lí ≈ (to) deal with
(to) handle: xử lí ≈ (to) deal with
26. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
According to the writer, students’ difficulties to cope with college life are partly due to ____________.
the absence of parents’ protection
the lack of parental support
the over-parenting from parents
the lack of financial support
Xem đáp án
Đáp án C
Thông tin ở câu: “It is really too easy to point the finger at parents who protect their children from life’s obstacle. Parents, who handle every difficulty and every other responsibility for their children writing admission essays to picking college courses, certainly may contribute to their children’s lack of coping strategies.” (Quá dễ để chỉ trích các bậc cha mẹ, những người bao bọc con mình khỏi tất cả trở ngại của cuộc sống. Các bậc cha mẹ, những người xử lý mọi khó khăn và mọi trách nhiệm khác cho con của họ từ viết bài tiểu luận để nộp đến chọn các khóa học đại học, chắc chắn có thể đã góp phần làm cho trẻ thiếu các chiến lược đối phó với khó khăn.)
27. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
College faculty and staff are required to help in the parenting of problematic students.
The college experience itself is more intense today than that of the past 10 years.
Our world is more stressful because of the current economic and political situation.
Our society certainly doesn’t want our children to experience unpleasant things.
Xem đáp án
Đáp án B
Thông tin ở câu: “...but I don’t believe that the college experience itself is more intense today than that of the past 10 years.” (... nhưng tôi không tin rằng ngày nay trải nghiệm ở trường đại học căng thẳng hơn 10 năm trước.) ⇒ Đáp án B sai.
28. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Students who are not well – prepared to be young “adults” with all the responsibilities of life will need ______.
to be assigned more housework from adults
to be given more social responsibilities
to be encouraged to meet challenges
daily coaching from their teachers
Xem đáp án
Đáp án C
Thông tin ở câu: “As parents and teachers we should expect young people to meet challenges.” (Là cha mẹ và giáo viên, chúng ta nên mong đợi những người trẻ tuổi gặp phải những thách thức.)
Thông tin ở câu: “As parents and teachers we should expect young people to meet challenges.” (Là cha mẹ và giáo viên, chúng ta nên mong đợi những người trẻ tuổi gặp phải những thách thức.)
29. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
According to the writer, failure in life and less support from parents will ______.
help students to learn to stand on their own feet
allow students to learn the first lesson in their lives
defeat students from the very beginning
discourage students and let them down forever
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Thông tin ở câu: “This approach needs to begin at an early age so that college can actually be a passage to independent adulthood.” (Cách tiếp cận này cần phải bắt đầu từ khi còn rất nhỏ để môi trường đại học có thể thực sự là một sự chuyển tiếp sang tuổi trưởng thành độc lập.)
30. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
What is probably the writer’s attitude in the passage?
Praising
Indifferent
Humorous
Critial
Xem đáp án
Đáp án D
Trong bài viết này, tác giả chỉ trích các bậc cha mẹ quá bảo bọc con mình, khiến chúng thiếu tinh thần độc lập và không thể tự giải quyết được những trở ngại trong cuộc sống.
Trong bài viết này, tác giả chỉ trích các bậc cha mẹ quá bảo bọc con mình, khiến chúng thiếu tinh thần độc lập và không thể tự giải quyết được những trở ngại trong cuộc sống.
31. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
We get great pleasure from reading. The more advanced a man is, the greater delight he will find in reading. The ordinary man may think that subjects like philosophy or science are very difficult and that if philosophers and scientists read these subjects, it is not for pleasure. But this is not true. The mathematician finds the same pleasure in his mathematics as the school boy in an adventure story. For both, it is a play of the imagination, a mental recreation and exercise. The pleasure derived from this activity is common to all kinds of reading. But different types of books give us different types of pleasure. First in order of popularity is novel-reading. Novels contain pictures of imaginary people in imaginary situations, and give us an opportunity of escaping into a new world very much like our world and yet different from it. Here we seem to live a new life, and the experience of this new life gives us a thrill of pleasure. Next in order of popularity are travel books, biographies and memoirs. These tell us tales of places we have not seen and of great men in whom we are interested. Some of these books are as wonderful as novels, and they have an added value that they are true. Such books give us knowledge, and we also find immense pleasure in knowing details of lands we have not seen and of great men we have only heard of. Reading is one of the greatest enjoyments of life. To book-lovers, nothing is more fascinating than a favorite book. And, the ordinary educated man who is interested and absorbed in his daily occupation wants to occasionally escape from his drudgery into the wonderland of books for recreation and refreshment.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
Different types of books
Different kinds of reading
Reading as an exercise for the brain
Reading as a pleasurable activity
Xem đáp án
Đáp án D
Thông tin: We get great pleasure from reading. The more advanced a man is, the greater delight he will find in reading.
Thông tin: We get great pleasure from reading. The more advanced a man is, the greater delight he will find in reading.
32. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
According to paragraph 1, which of the following is NOT true?
Ordinary people may think that philosophy and science are difficult.
Reading about mathematics is mentally entertaining for a mathematician.
Philosophers and scientists do not read for pleasure.
A more advanced person takes greater pleasure in reading.
Xem đáp án
Đáp án C
The ordinary man may think that subjects like philosophy or science are very difficult and that if philosophers and scientists read these subjects, it is not for pleasure. But this is not true. Tạm dịch: Người bình thường có thể nghĩ rằng các chủ đề như triết học hoặc khoa học là khó khăn và với các triết gia và các nhà khoa học, đọc những sách này không phải là để vui. Nhưng điều này không đúng
The ordinary man may think that subjects like philosophy or science are very difficult and that if philosophers and scientists read these subjects, it is not for pleasure. But this is not true. Tạm dịch: Người bình thường có thể nghĩ rằng các chủ đề như triết học hoặc khoa học là khó khăn và với các triết gia và các nhà khoa học, đọc những sách này không phải là để vui. Nhưng điều này không đúng
33. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The word “derived” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
differed
established
bought
obtained
Xem đáp án
Đáp án D
obtained: thu được, đạt được ⇒ derived = obtained
obtained: thu được, đạt được ⇒ derived = obtained
34. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
a new life
our world
an opportunity
a thrill of pleasure
Xem đáp án
Đáp án B
Thông tin: Novels contain pictures of imaginary people in imaginary situations, and give us an opportunity of escaping into a new world very much like our world and yet different from it.
Tạm dịch: Tiểu thuyết là những bức tranh của những người tưởng tượng trong những tình huống tưởng tượng, và cho chúng ta một cơ hội để thoát vào một thế giới mới giống như thế giới của chúng ta và những nơi khác thế giới của chúng ta.
Thông tin: Novels contain pictures of imaginary people in imaginary situations, and give us an opportunity of escaping into a new world very much like our world and yet different from it.
Tạm dịch: Tiểu thuyết là những bức tranh của những người tưởng tượng trong những tình huống tưởng tượng, và cho chúng ta một cơ hội để thoát vào một thế giới mới giống như thế giới của chúng ta và những nơi khác thế giới của chúng ta.
35. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The word “immense” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.
great
limited
personal
controlled
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Giải thích: immense: rộng lớn, rất tốt = great: tốt, tuyệt vời
Giải thích: immense: rộng lớn, rất tốt = great: tốt, tuyệt vời
36. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
According to the passage, travel books, biographies and memoirs______.
are wonderful novels
tell stories of well-known places
are less popular than novels
are more valuable than novels
Xem đáp án
Đáp án C
Thông tin: First in order of popularity is novel-reading.... Next in order of popularity are travel books, biographies and memoirs.
Tạm dịch: Phổ biến nhất là đọc tiểu thuyết... Phổ biến tiếp theo là sách du lịch, tiểu sử và hồi ký.
Thông tin: First in order of popularity is novel-reading.... Next in order of popularity are travel books, biographies and memoirs.
Tạm dịch: Phổ biến nhất là đọc tiểu thuyết... Phổ biến tiếp theo là sách du lịch, tiểu sử và hồi ký.
37. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
According to paragraph 4, which of the following is the most fascinating to booklovers?
A daily occupation
An ordinary educated man
The wonderland
The wonderland
Xem đáp án
Đáp án D
Thông tin: To book-lovers, nothing is more fascinating than a favorite book
Tạm dịch: Với người yêu sách, không có gì hấp dẫn hơn một cuốn sách yêu thích
Thông tin: To book-lovers, nothing is more fascinating than a favorite book
Tạm dịch: Với người yêu sách, không có gì hấp dẫn hơn một cuốn sách yêu thích
38. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Since water is the basis of life, composing the greater part of the tissues of all living things, the crucial problem of desert animals is to survive in a world where sources of flowing water are rare. And since man’s inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop. Uncompromising as it is, the desert has not eliminated life but only those forms unable to withstand its desiccating effects. No moistskinned, water-loving animals can exist there. Few large animals are found. The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat. Since desert country is open, it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest. Its population is largely nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth. Yet they are not emaciated. Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the word. The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology. None could survive if, like mad dogs and Englishmen, they went out in the midday sun; many would die in a matter of minutes. So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground, emerging to hunt only by night. The surface of the sun-baked desert averages around 150 degrees, but 18 inches down the temperature is only 60 degrees.
The author mentions all the following as examples of the behavior of desert animals EXCEPT ..........
they are watchful and quiet
they sleep during the day
they dig home underground
they are noisy and aggressive
Xem đáp án
Đáp án D
Thông tin:
- Its population is largely nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth.
- So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground
Chỉ có đáp án D không chính xác
Thông tin:
- Its population is largely nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth.
- So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground
Chỉ có đáp án D không chính xác
39. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
We can infer from the passage that ..........
healthy animals live longer lives
living things adjust to their environment
desert life is colorful and diverse
water is the basis of desert life
Xem đáp án
Đáp án B
Thông tin: Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the word. The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology.
Thông tin: Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the word. The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology.
40. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
According to the passage, creatures in the desert ...........
are smaller and fleeter than forest animals
are more active during the day than those in the tangled forest
live in an accommodating environment
are not as healthy as those anywhere else in the world
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Thông tin:
- Few large animals are found.
- Since desert country is open, it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest.
Thông tin:
- Few large animals are found.
- Since desert country is open, it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest.
41. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The phrase “those forms” in the passage refers to all of the following EXCEPT ..........
moist-skinned animals
many large animals
water-loving animals
the coyote and the bobcat
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Thông tin: No moist- skinned, water-loving animals can exist there. Few large animals are found. The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat.
Thông tin: No moist- skinned, water-loving animals can exist there. Few large animals are found. The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat.
42. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The word “them” means .......
animals
B. minutes C. people D. water
minutes
people
water
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Từ “them” chỉ các loài động vật sống ở sa mạc
Từ “them” chỉ các loài động vật sống ở sa mạc
43. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The word “emaciated” in the passage mostly means .......
wild
unmanageable
cunning
unhealthy
Xem đáp án
Đáp án D
Giải thích: "emaciate": gầy, không khoẻ mạnh
Giải thích: "emaciate": gầy, không khoẻ mạnh
44. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Man can hardly understand why many animals live their whole life in the desert, as .........
water is an essential part of his existence
very few large animals are found in the desert
sources of flowing water are rare in a desert
water composes the greater part of the tissues of living things
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Thông tin: Since water is the basis of life […]And since man’s inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop.
Thông tin: Since water is the basis of life […]And since man’s inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop.
45. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The title for this passage could be .............
“Man’s Life in a Desert Environment”
“Desert Plants”
“Animal Life in a Desert Environment”
“Life Underground”
Xem đáp án
Đáp án C
Giải thích: Tiêu đề cho đoạn này có thể là
A. "Cuộc sống của con người trong môi trường sa mạc"
B. “Thực vật ở sa mạc”
C. "Cuộc sống của động vật trong môi trường sa mạc"
D. "Cuộc sống dưới lòng đất"
Giải thích: Tiêu đề cho đoạn này có thể là
A. "Cuộc sống của con người trong môi trường sa mạc"
B. “Thực vật ở sa mạc”
C. "Cuộc sống của động vật trong môi trường sa mạc"
D. "Cuộc sống dưới lòng đất"
46. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Learning means acquiring knowledge or developing the ability to perform new behaviors . It is common to think of learning as something that takes place in school , but much of human learning occurs outside the classroom , and people continue to learn throughout their lives .
Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to manipulate toys, food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn how to interact with their parents, siblings, friends, and other people important to their world. When they enter school, children learn basic academic subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics.They also continue to learn a great deal outside the classroom . They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished . They learn social skills for interacting with other children. After they finish school, people must learn to adapt to the many major changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job. Because learning continues throughout our lives and affects almost everything we do, the study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children. Psychologists, social workers, criminologists, and other human-service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors. Employers, politicians, and advertisers make use of the principles of learning to influence the behavior of workers, voters, and consumers.
Learning is closely related to memory, which is the storage of information in the brain. Psychologists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later retrieves knowledge when we need it. In contrast, psychologists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a result of a person’s experiences.
There are many forms of learning, ranging from simple to complex. Simple forms of learning involve a single stimulus. A stimulus is anything perceptible to the senses, such as a sight, sound, smell, touch, or taste. In a form of learning known as classical conditioning, people learn to associate two stimuli that occur in sequence, such as lightning followed by thunder. In operant conditioning, people learn by forming an association between a behavior and its consequences (reward or punishment). People and animals can also learn by observation - that is, by watching others perform behaviors. More complex forms of learning include learning languages, concepts, and motor skills.
Getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job are mentioned in paragraph 2 as examples of ______.
the situations in which people cannot teach themselves
the ways people’s lives are influenced by education
the changes to which people have to orient themselves
the areas of learning which affect people’s lives
Xem đáp án
Đáp án C
Thông tin: After they finish school, people must learn to adapt to the many major changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job.
47. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
According to the passage, which of the following is learning in broad view comprised of?
Acquisition of social and behavioural skills
Knowledge acquisition outside the classroom
Acquisition of academic knowledge
Knowledge acquisition and ability development
Xem đáp án
Đáp án D
Thông tin: Learning means acquiring knowledge or developing the ability to perform new behaviors.
48. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
According to the passage, what are children NOT usually taught outside the classroom?
literacy and calculation
right from wrong
life skills
interpersonal communication
Xem đáp án
Đáp án A
Thông tin: When they enter school, children learn basic academic subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics.
Thông tin: When they enter school, children learn basic academic subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics.
49. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
The passage mainly discusses ______.
practical examples of learning inside the classroom
simple forms of learning
application of learning principles to formal education
general principles of learning
Xem đáp án
Đáp án D
Giải thích: Đoạn văn chủ yếu thảo luận ______.
A. các ví dụ thực tế của việc học bên trong lớp học
B. các hình thức học đơn giản
C. áp dụng nguyên tắc học tập vào giáo dục chính quy
D. các nguyên tắc chung về học tập
50. Trắc nghiệm
• 1 điểm
It can be inferred from the passage that social workers, employers, and politicians concern themselves with the study of learning because they need to ______.
make the objects of their interest more aware of the importance of learning
understand how a stimulus relates to the senses of the objects of their interest
thoroughly understand the behaviours of the objects of their interest
change the behaviours of the objects of their interest towards learning
Xem đáp án
Đáp án C
Thông tin: Psychologists, social workers, criminologists, and other human- service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors.
