15000 bài tập tách từ đề thi thử môn Tiếng Anh có đáp án (Phần 1) (Part 11)

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Left-handers are the odd ones out. Sure, lefties (31) ______up about 10 percent of the population - but, frankly, it seems like society has forgotten about them. Just consider all of the right-handed gadgets, awkwardly designed desks, and cooking tools that fit comfortably only in your right hand. What (32) ______someone to become a lefthand? Scientists aren’t exactly sure, but research points to a complex (33) ______between genes and environment While no exact set of “leftie genes” have been discovered, people who dominantly use their left hands do have more left-handed family members. And researchers have found different brain wirings in righties vs. lefties. But no matter (34) ______it is that drives someone to use their antipodal paw, science has also uncovered a particular set of personality traits that left-handed people tend to have. So for all of you lefties, leftie-loving righties, and ambidextrous folks out there - it’s time to brush up on your left-handed knowledge and help (35) ______an end to leftie discrimination once and for all.

            Water is necessary for life. People can live only a few days (44) _____ it. Yet nearly 25 million people die each year because of it. Both industrial nations and less-developed countries are worried about the (45) ______ and quantity of water in the world. 

Even though people, animals, agriculture, and industry use a lot of water, there is more than enough on the Earth. Water covers about three-fourths of the Earth's surface. However, 97.4 percent of it is salt water. Three-fourths of the Earth's fresh water is frozen in glaciers and in the great polar ice caps. Most of the water we use (46) _____ from rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere. Less than one percent of the Earth's water is usable, and we use it over and over again. 

One of the (47) ______ about water is distribution. Water is not always distributed where the large (48) ______ centers are. Some regions get enough rain, but it is all in one or two short rainy seasons.

Throughout the world there are different ways for people to greet each other. In much of the world, a handshake is the (38) __________ form of welcoming and greeting someone. In many countries around the Mediterranean Sea a (39) ___________ kiss on the cheek is the appropriate way to welcome friends and family. It can be a very (40) __________ surprise if you expect to shake hands and get a kiss or a hug instead. 

At times, it is difficult to tell what sort of greeting (41) ___________ is followed. People may bow, grab another’s arm or even slap the other person on the back. In some places people just smile, look at the other’s face and say nothing. 

Most people in the world are tolerant of visitors and don’t mind what travellers do that seems wrong as long as the visitors are (42)__________. A big part of the delightfulness of world travel is experiencing different customs.

Any change in one part of an ecosystem can cause changes in other parts. Droughts, storms and fires can change ecosystems. Some changes ____(46)___ ecosystems. If there is too little rainfall, plants will not have enough water to live. If a kind of plant dies off, the animals____(47)___feed on it may also die or move away. Some changes are good for ecosystems. Some pine forests need fires for the pine trees to reproduce. The seeds are sealed inside pinecones. Heat from a forest fire melts the seal and lets the seeds ____(48)___. Polluting the air, soil, and water can harm ecosystems. Building dams on rivers for electric power and irrigation can harm ecosystems ____(49)___ the rivers. Bulldozing wetlands and cutting down forests destroy ecosystems. Ecologists are working with companies and governments to find better ways of ___(50)____ fish, cutting down trees, and building dams. They are looking for ways to get food, lumber, and other products for people without causing harm to ecosystems.

Located in central Africa, Lake Victoria is a very unusual lake. __( 44 )__ of the largest lakes in the world; it is also one of the youngest. Estimated to be about 15,000 years old, it is a relative baby compared with Earth’s other very large lakes, __( 45 )__ more than two million years old. Yet judging by the variety of life in it, Lake Victoria __( 46 )__ a much older body of water. Usually, lakes need a much longer time __( 47 )__ by a diverse array of life-forms. It is common for new lakes to contain only a small number of species. Lake Victoria, however, is packed with colorful fish, most notably, cichlids. There are __( 48 )__ 500 different species of just this one type of fish.

Researchers in communication show that more feelings and intentions are (1) _______ and received nonverbally than verbally. Mehrabian and Wienerfollowing have stated that only 7% (2) _______ message is sent through words, with remaining 93% sent nonverbal (3) _______. Humans use nonverbal communication because:

1. Words have limitations: There are (4) _______ areas where nonverbal communication is more (5) v than verbal, especially when we explain the shape, directions, personalities which are expressed nonverbally.

2. Nonverbal signal are powerful: Nonverbal cues primarily express inner (6) _______ while verbal messages deal basically with outside world.

3. Nonverbal message are likely (7) _______ more genuine: because nonverbal behaviors cannot be controlled as easily as spoken words.

4. Nonverbal signals can express feelings inappropriate to state: Social etiquette limits (8) _______ can be said, but nonverbal cues can communicate thoughts.

5. A separate communication channel is necessary to (9) _______ send complex messages: A speaker can add enormously to the complexity of the verbal message through simple nonverbal (10) _______.

We can (29) _______ other people in many different ways. We can talk and write, and we can send messages with our hands and faces. There is also the phone (including the mobile!), the fax, and e-mail. Television, film, painting, and photography can also communicate ideas.

Animals have ways of exchanging information, too. Bees dance and tell other bees where (30) _______ food. Elephants make sounds that humans can’t hear. Whales sing songs. Monkeys use their faces to show anger and love. But this is nothing (31) _______ to what people can do. We have language - about 6,000 languages, in fact. We can write poetry, tell jokes, make promises, explain, persuade, tell the truth, or tell lies. And we have a sense of past and future, not just present.

Radio, film, and television (32) _______ a huge influence on society in the last hundred years. And now we have the Internet, which is infinite. But what is this doing to this? We can give and get a lot of information very quickly. But there is (33) _______ information that it is difficult to know what is important and what isn’t. Modem media is changing our world every minute of every day.

Owning a pet

The joys and tribulations of being a pet owner! During our lifetime most of us have some experience of either owning a pet or being in (7) _______ contact with someone who does. Is there such a things as “the ideal pet”? If so what characterizes the ideal pet? Various (8) _______ influence one’s choice of pet, from your reasons for getting a pet to your lifestyle. For example, although quite a few pets are relatively cheap to buy, the cost of upkeep can be considerable. Everything must be (9) _______ into account, from food and bedding, to vaccinations and veterinary bills. You must be prepared to (10) _______ time on your pet, which involves shopping for it, cleaning and feeling it. Pets can be demanding and a big responsibility. Are you prepared to exercise and housetrain an animal or do you prefer a more independent pet? How much spare room do you have? Is it right to lock an energetic animal into a confined space? Do you live near a busy road which may threaten the life of your pet? Pets such as turtles and goldfish can be cheap and convenient, but if you prefer affectionate pets, a friendly cat or dog would be more (11)

Most Americans eat three meals (10) ______ the day: breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Breakfast begins between 7:00 and 8:00am, lunch between 11:00 am and noon, and dinner between 6:00 and 8:00 pm. On Sundays "brunch" is a (11) ______ of breakfast and lunch, typically beginning at 11:00 am. Students often enjoy a "study break" or evening snack around 10:00 or 11:00 pm. Breakfast and lunch tend to be light meals, with only one course.

Dinner is the main meal.

For breakfast Americans will eat cereal with milk which are often mixed (12) ______ in a bowl, a glass of orange juice, and toasted bread or muffin with jam, butter, or margarine. Another common breakfast meal is scrambled eggs or an omelet with potatoes and breakfast meat (bacon or sausage). People who are on a diet eat just a cup of yogurt.

Lunch and dinner are more (13) ______. When eating at a formal dinner, you may be overwhelmed by the number of utensils. How do you (14) ______ the difference between a salad fork, a butter fork, and a dessert fork? Most Americans do not know the answer. But knowing which fork or spoon to use first is simple: use the outermost utensils first and the utensils closest to the plate last.

About 50 or so kinds modern plastic are made from oil, gas, or coal-non-renewable natural resources. We (15)___ well over three million tons of the stuff in Japan each year and, sooner or later, most of it is thrown away. A high proportion of our animal consumption is in the (16)____ of packaging and this constitutes about seven percent by weight, of our domestic(17) ____ . Almost all of it can be recycled, but very little of it is, though the plastic recycling industry is growing fast. The plastics themselves are extremely energy - rich – they have a higher calorific(18) ____ than coal and one methodn of “recovery” strongly (19)____ by plastic manufacturers if the conversion of waste plastic into a fuel.