EngT- para
8 câu hỏi
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 3.
A friend jumps out at you when you’re turning a corner. Your heart starts pounding and you gasp. “You scared me to death!” But is it really possible for you to die from being too scared?
Surprisingly, the answer is yes. In fact, any strong emotional reaction can trigger the production of fatal amounts of certain hormones in the body, and even though these cases are very rare, they can still happen to anyone. The risk of death from fear or another strong emotion is greater for individuals with pre-existing heart conditions, but people who are perfectly healthy can also fall victim.
How exactly does our body’s chemical response result in death, though? To understand this, we have to understand the fact that when the nervous system is stimulated, it releases a great deal of adrenaline or another similar chemical messenger, preparing the body for action. The problem is that adrenaline and similar chemicals in large doses are toxic to the heart, which can trigger what could cause sudden death upon being affected.
Adrenaline opens calcium to the heart. With a lot of calcium going to the heart, the organ has trouble slowing down, which is something that can cause ventricular fibrillation, a specific type of abnormal heart rhythm. Irregular heartbeat prevents the organ from successfully pumping blood to the body and can lead to sudden death unless treated immediately.
(Adapted from britannica.com)
The word trigger in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by ______.
activate
promote
encourage
support
Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?
Those with heart conditions are the only ones who can die from fear, unlike perfectly healthy individuals.
Healthy individuals are at a greater risk of dying from fear compared to those with heart conditions.
Individuals with existing heart problems have a higher risk of dying from fear, but healthy people can also be affected.
People with heart issues are less likely to experience death from strong emotions than those in good health.
According to the passage, all of the following are causes of death from fear EXCEPT ______.
the release of adrenaline in large amounts
the body’s quick recovery from strong emotions
the presence of pre-existing heart conditions
the sudden increase of calcium in the heart
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 4 to 6.
[I] Do you find yourself yawning all day at school? You probably need more sleep. [II] However, it is not just how much sleep you get that is important. [III] What you do before bedtime also has a huge effect on how you feel the next day. [IV] If you spend time chatting to someone on social media, or reading a book on your e-reader, you are not alone.
All devices’ screens give out a large amount of blue light, which affects the body’s production of the sleep hormone, melatonin, which can change your sleep patterns. So it is not just getting to sleep that becomes hard, but the quality of your sleep also suffers. The result is that you can wake up several times during the night, and have difficulty getting up in the morning.
Sleep is food for the brain, so not sleeping well can be a severe problem for anyone, especially for teenagers, because their brains are still developing. When you do not sleep well, it can be difficult to concentrate at school, which makes it harder to learn and get good grades. It can also affect your mood, making you feel sad or anxious.
So, it is clear you should not use your phone before you go to sleep. Why not leave it in another room? Nothing on social media is so important that it cannot wait a few hours! You should rediscover paper books and enjoy feeling tired and sleepy before bedtime rather than wondering why your best friend has not liked your photo! How will you wake up? You do not have to use the alarm on your phone. Go and buy yourself an old-fashioned alarm clock! The negative effects that screen time is having on sleep have been in the news a lot recently, so manufacturers of smartphones and tablets have added a feature to the mobile devices that can help reduce these. Most new phones have a night-time setting that changes the colour of the screen so that it gives out less blue light. If you really cannot avoid going onto social media at bedtime, think about turning on this setting on your phone.
Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit?
Experts recommend that teenagers get at least 8 to 10 hours of sleep each night.
[I]
[II]
[III]
[IV]
Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?
Sleep is essential for brain development and influences academic performance and mood.
Poor sleep can lead to difficulties in learning and cause mood disorders in teenagers.
Teenagers need more sleep than adults to function effectively in school and manage their emotions.
Concentrating at school becomes easier with proper sleep, which enhances learning and grades.
More surprising is the fact that the individual stores of a Japanese pagoda, unlike their counterparts elsewhere, are not actually connected to each other. They are simply _________ one on top of another like a pile of hats.
tied
placed
glued
stacked
Đọc đoạn tư liệu sau đây:
Biển Đông là tuyến đường giao thông biển huyết mạch kết nối Thái Bình Dương với Ấn Độ Dương, châu Âu với châu Á. Khu vực này có nhiều eo biển đặc biệt quan trọng đối với thương mại toàn cầu, như eo Đài Loan, Ba – si, Ga – xpa, Ca – li – man – tan và đặc biệt là Ma – lắc – ca – “hành lang” hàng hải chính, kết nối nhiều nước, trong đó có 3 nước đông dân của thế giới là Ấn Độ, In – đô – nê – xi – a và Trung Quốc. Mỗi ngày có khoảng từ 150 – 200 tàu các loại qua lại Biển Đông, trong đó có khoảng 50% là tàu có trọng tải trên 5000 tấn, hơn 10% là tàu có trọng tải từ 30 000 tấn trở lên. Lượng dầu lửa và khí hóa lỏng được vận chuyển qua vùng biển này lớn gấp 15 lần lượng chuyên chở qua kênh đào Pa – na – ma.
Những thông tin đoạn tư liệu cung cấp cho thấy Biển Đông là địa bàn chiến lược quan trọng về kinh tế ở khu vực châu Á – Thái Bình Dương.
Biển Đông là tuyến đường biển duy nhất nối liền Thái Bình Dương với Ấn Độ Dương, châu Âu với châu Á.
Khu vực Biển Đông có rất nhiều eo biển quan trọng, trong đó quan trọng nhất là eo biển Ma – lắc – ca.
Mỗi ngày có khoảng 150 – 200 tàu với các trọng tải khác nhau qua lại Biển Đông, , trong đó tài chở dầu và khí hóa lỏng đều có trọng tải từ 30 000 tấn trở lên.
Xét các phát biểu sau về các dạng đột biến cấu trúc nhiễm sắc thể:
1. Mất đoạn và lặp đoạn đều là các dạng đột biến cấu trúc.
2. Đảo đoạn luôn tạo ra giao tử bình thường trong quá trình giảm phân.
3. Chuyển đoạn không tương hỗ có thể làm mất cân bằng bộ gen.
4. Lặp đoạn có thể làm tăng biểu hiện của gen.
Có bao nhiêu phát biểu đúng?
