(Viên chức Mầm non) 650 câu trắc nghiệm Đọc hiểu tiếng Anh có đáp án - Phần 8
29 câu hỏi
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Supernovasarethemostpowerfulandspectacularoutburstsknowninnature. WhatiscalledaTypeIIsupernovaisduetothecollapseofamassivestar,atleasteighttimesasmassiveasthesun,thathasusedupitsmainnuclearfuel andproducedanickel-ironcore.Whenthiscorecannolongersupportthe pressureofthestar’souterlayer,itcollapsestoformaneutronstarofimmense density.Over2,500milliontonsofneutronstarpackedintoamatchbox.Its temperature is around 100,000 million degrees centigrade.
Multitudesofneutronsareproducedinthecollapsedstar,whichpassdirectly throughthestarintospace,andthisreleaseofneutronscausesthecoreto respond with a shock wave that moves outward.
Whenitmeetsthematerialthatisfallinginward,theresultisacatastrophic explosion.Sometimesmostofthestar’smaterialisblownaway,leavingonly asmall,incrediblydenseremnantthatmaybeaneutronstaror,inextreme cases, a black hole.
Asupernovaisoftenmorethan500milliontimesasluminousasthesun.A supernova remnant(SNR)maybedetectableasapulsar,anexampleofwhich istheCrabNebula,knowntobearemnantofthesupernovaobservedinthe year1054.The1987supernovaintheLargeCloudofMagellanhadalowpeak luminositybysupernovastandards,onlyabout250milliontimesthatofthe sun.Asitsbrightestthesupernovashoneasastarbetweenmagnitudes2and3, even though it was170,000light-years away.
What is the main topic of the passage?
The heat of supernovas
The formation and power of a supernova
The role of shock waves in a supernova
The density ofaneutron star.
The word “it” refers to __________.
core of the collapsed star
neutron star
shockwave
catastrophic explosion
Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUEabout the 1987 supernova?
Itwas the brightest supernova.
Itwasbrighter than the sun.
Itshoneasastarbetweenmagnitudes3and4.
Ithadthelowestpeak luminously.
The author ofthispassage is most likely __________________ .
an astronomer
an economist
amathematician
a botanist
The word “multitudes” is closest in meaning to _________ .
small numbers
groups
lots
temperatures
The word “luminous” is closest in meaning to _________ .
powerful
bright
hot
distant
What can be inferred from the passageabout supernovas?
They sometimes result ina black hole
The sun is a remnantof a supernova
They occur when two starscollide
They only happen to pulsars
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Inthe1960s,TheBeatleswereprobablythemostfamouspopgroupinthe wholeworld.Sincethen,therehavebeenagreatmanygroupsthathave achievedenormousfame,soitisperhapsdifficultnowtoimaginehow sensationalTheBeatleswereatthattime.Theywerefourboysfromthenorth ofEnglandandnoneofthemhadanytraininginmusic.Theystartedby performingandrecordingsongsbyblackAmericansandtheyhadsomesuccess withthese songs.Thentheystarted writing their own songs andthat was when theybecamereallypopular.TheBeatleschangedpopmusic.Theywerethe firstpopgrouptoachievegreatsuccessfromsongstheyhadwritten themselves.Afterthatitbecamecommonforgroupsandsingerstowritetheir ownsongs.TheBeatlesdidnothavealongcareer.Theirfirsthitrecordwasin 1963andthey splitupin1970. They stopped doing live performances in1966 because ithad become too dangerousfor them - their fans were soexcitedthat theysurroundedthemandtriedtotaketheirclothesassouvenirs!However, today someoftheirsongs remainasfamous asthey were when theyfirst came out.Throughouttheworld,manypeoplecansingpartofaBeatlessongifyou ask them.
The passage is mainly about __________
whythe Beatles split up after 7 years
many people's ability to singa Beatles song
the Beatles' fame andsuccess
how the Beatlesbecamemore successfulthan other groups
The word 'sensational' is closest inmeaning to __________.
popular
shocking
notorious
bad
The first songs of the Beatles were __________
writtenby black Americans
paid a lot of money
broadcast onthe radio
written by themselves
What is NOT true about the Beatles?
They had a long stable career.
They became famous whenthey wrote their own songs.
The members had no training in music.
They changed pop music.
TheBeatlesstoppedtheirliveperformancesbecause__________
they had earned enough money
they did not want to work witheach other
they spentmore time writing their own songs
they were afraid of being hurt by fans
Somesongs of the Beatles now __________
are themost famous
became too old to sing
are still famous asthey used to be
are sung by crazy fans
The tone of the passage is that of__________
admiration
criticism
sarcasm
neutral
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Mostlanguageshaveseverallevelsofvocabularythatmaybeusedbythe same speakers. In English, at least three have been identified and described.
Standardusageincludesthosewordsandexpressionsunderstood,used,and acceptedbyamajorityofthespeakersofalanguageinanysituationregardless ofthelevelsofformality.Assuch,thesewordsandexpressionsarewelldefined andlistedinstandarddictionaries.Colloquialisms,ontheotherhand,are familiarwordsandidiomsthatareunderstoodbyalmostallspeakersofa languageandusedininformalspeechorwriting,butnotconsideredacceptable formoreformalsituations.Almostallidiomaticexpressionsarecolloquial language.Slang,however,referstowordsandexpressionsunderstoodbya largenumberofspeakersbutnotacceptedasappropriateformalusagebythe majority.Colloquialexpressionsandevenslangmaybefoundinstandard dictionariesbutwillbesoidentified.BothColloquialusageandslangaremore commoninspeechthaninwriting.Colloquialspeechoftenpassesintostandard speech.Someslangalsopassesintostandardspeech,butotherslang expressionsenjoymomentarypopularityfollowedbyobscurity.Insomecases, themajorityneveracceptscertainslangphrasesbutneverthelessretainsthem intheircollectivememories.Everygenerationseemstorequireitsownsetof words to describe familiar objects and events.
Ithasbeenpointedoutbyanumberoflinguiststhatthreeculturalconditions arenecessaryforthecreationofalargebodyofslangexpressions.First,the introductionandacceptanceofnewobjectsandsituationsinthesociety; second,adiversepopulationwithalargenumberofsubgroups;third, association among thesubgroups and the majority population.
Finally,itisworthnotingthattheterms"standard","colloquial" and"slang" existonlyasabstractlabelsforscholarswhostudylanguage.Onlyatiny numberofthespeakersofanylanguagewillbeawarethattheyareusingcolloquialorslangexpressions.MostspeakersofEnglishwill,during appropriate situations, select and use all three types of expressions.
Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?
Standard speech
Dictionary usage
Idiomatic phrases
Different types of vocabulary
How isslang defined by the author?
Wordsandphrasesunderstoodbythemajoritybutnotfoundinstandard dictionaries.
Words and phrases accepted bythe majorityfor formal usage.
Words and phrases that are understood by a restricted groupof speakers.
Wordsandphrasesunderstoodbyalargenumberofspeakersbutnot accepted asformal usage.
The word "obscurity" could best be replaced by__________
qualification
tolerance
disappearance
influence
The word "them" refers to __________
slang phrases
memories
the majority
words
Thestatement:"Colloquialisms,ontheotherhand,arefamiliar wordsandidiomsthatareunderstoodbyalmostallspeakers of alanguageand usedininformalspeechorwriting,butnotconsideredacceptableformore formal situations." means:
Mostofthespeakersofalanguagecanusebothformalandinformalspeech in appropriate situations.
Familiarsituationsthatareexperiencedbymostpeoplearecalled colloquialisms.
Familiarwordsandphrasesarefoundinbothspeechandwritinginformal settings.
Informallanguagecontainscolloquialisms,whicharenotfoundinmore formal language.
Which of the following is true ofstandard usage?
It can be used in formal or informal settings.
It is only understood be the upper classes.
It limited to written language.
It is constantly changing.
Theauthormentionsallofthefollowingasrequirementsforslang expressions to be created EXCEPT
new situations
a new generation
interaction among diverse groups
a number oflinguists
It can be inferredfrom the passage thatthe author
approves of colloquial speech in some situations,but not slang
approves of slang and colloquial speech in appropriate situations
does not approve of either slangor colloquial speech in anysituation
does not approve of colloquial usage in writing
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
MandatoryvolunteeringmademanymembersofMaryland'shighschoolclass of97grumblewithindignation.Theydidn'tlikeanewrequirementthatmade themtakepartintheschool'scommunityserviceprogram.Futureseniors, however,probablywon'tbeasresistantnowthattheprogramhasbrokenin. Some,likeJohnMaloney,alreadyhavecompletedtheirrequiredhoursof approvedcommunityservice.TheBowieHighSchoolsophomoreearnedhis hoursineighthgradebyvolunteeringtwonightsaweekattheLarkin-Chase NursingandRestorativeCenterinBowie.Heplayedshuffleboard,cards,and
othergameswiththeseniorcitizens.Healsohelpedplanpartiesforthemand visited their rooms to keep them company.
John,fifteen,isnotfinishedvolunteering.Onceaweekhevideotapesanimals atthePrinceGeorge'sCountyanimalshelterinForestville.Hisfootageis shownontheBowiepublicaccesstelevisionchannelinhopesoffindinghomes fortheanimals."Volunteeringisbetterthanjustsittingaround,"saysJohn, "andIlikeanimals;Idon'twanttoseethemputtosleep."He'snottheonly volunteerinhisfamily.Hissister,Melissa,aneighthgrader,hascompletedher hours also volunteeringat Larkin-Chase.
"Itisagoodideatohavekidsgooutintothecommunity,butit'sfrustrating tohavetowriteessaysabouttheworks,"shesaid.Itmakesyoufeellikeyou're doingitfortherequirementandnotforyourself."Thehighschool'sservice learningoffice,runbyBethAnsley,providesinformationonorganizations seekingvolunteerssothatstudentswillhaveaneasiertimefulfillingtheir hours.
"It's ridiculous that people are opposingthe requirements," said AmyRouse, whothissummerhasworkedattheRonaldMcDonaldHouseandhashelped to rebuild a church in Clinton.
"Somanypeoplewon'tdotheserviceunlessit'smandatory,"Rousesaid,"but oncethey start doingit,they'llreally likeit andhopefully it willbecome apart of their lives - like it has become a part of mine."
The best title of the passagecould be ______.
"Students Who Volunteer to Work with Senior Citizens"
"Students Who Earn Extra Money afterSchool"
"A Volunteer Program at Bowie HighSchool"
"The High School Class of 1977"
Theword"frustrating"inparagraph7isclosestinmeaningto ______.
interesting
happy
satisfying
upset
The word"it" in paragraph 7 refers to ______.
completing requirements
writing essays
doing volunteer work
A. going out in the community
Fromparagraphs6and7,wecaninferthatMelissaMaloney ______.
volunteers because it's arequirement
is frustrated by her volunteer job
volunteers because it makes her feel good
doesn't like to write essaysabout her volunteerwork
Accordingtothelasttwoparagraphs,AmyRousethinksthat ______.
most people don't like volunteering, so they don't want to do it
most people will discover they enjoy volunteering if they try it
the volunteer programshouldn't be mandatory
people should be able to choose whether they want to volunteer
WhichofthefollowingvolunteeractivitiesisNOTmentionedin the passage?
Videotaping animals ina shelter.
Rebuilding a church.
Tutoring children.
Visiting elderly people.
Inthepassage,theauthorgivestheexplanationoftheconceptof mandatory volunteer programsby______.
describing one volunteer program
classifying different types of volunteer programs
arguing in favor of volunteer programs
comparing two volunteer programs
