(Viên chức Mầm non) 650 câu trắc nghiệm Đọc hiểu tiếng Anh có đáp án - Phần 24
22 câu hỏi
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Certainly nocreature in the sea is odder than the commonsea cucumber. All livingcreature,especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,but everythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecan besaid aboutabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud,feedsalmost continuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets?
Forsomefiftymillionyears,despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumber hassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocks byitstubefeet,underrocksinshallowwater,oronthesurfaceofmudflats. Common in cool water on bothAtlantic and Pacific shores, it has the ability to such up mud or sand anddigest whatevernutrients are present.
Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddish-browntosand-colorandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacle. Usuallythecreaturesarecucumber-shaped-hencetheirname-andbecausethey aretypicallyrockinhabitants,thisshape,combinewithflexibility,enables themtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandocean currents.Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbers havethecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveata lowmetabolicrate-feeding sparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovide theirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty,theywould devourallthefoodavailableinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarve themselves out of existence.
Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefends itself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs,whenattacked,itsquirtsallits internalorgansintothewater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchas tentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattached oreventouched;itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoo high or if the water becomestoo polluted.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
Placeswhere thesea cucumber can be found
The reason for the sea cucumber’s name
Howtoidentify the sea cucumber
What makes thesea cucumber unusual
Chọn đáp án D
Giải thích: Đọc xong toàn bộ bài ta có thể xác định nội dung chính là về điều gì làm cho hải sâm bất thường.
The word “bizarre” is closestmeaning to
rare
simple
marine
odd
Chọn đáp án D
Giải thích: "bizarre" = odd: kỳ lạ, kỳ quái
The fourth paragraph of the passage primarily discusses
the eating habits of sea cucumbers
the food sources of sea cucumbers
the reproductionof sea cucumbers
threatsto sea cucumbers’ existence
Chọn đáp án A
Thông tin: Although they have voracious appetites, eating day and night, sea cucumbers have the capacity to become quiescent and live at a low metabolic rate-feeding sparingly or not at all for long periods
Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumbers important?
Itmakes them attractive to fish
It helpsthem to protect themselves from danger.
It helpsthemto digest their food.
Itmakes it easier for them to move through the mud.
Chọn đáp án B
Thông tin: Usually the creatures are cucumber-shaped-hence their name-and because they are typically rock inhabitants, this shape, combine with flexibility, enables them to squeeze into crevices where they are safe from predators and ocean currents.
The phrase “castsoff” is closestinmeaningto
gets ridof
grows again
grabs
uses as a weapon
Chọn đáp án A
“casts off" = gets rid of: bỏ đi, loại bỏ
The words “this faculty” refers to the sea cucumber’s ability to
live ata low metabolic rate
squeeze into crevices
devour all available food in a short time
suck upmud or sand
Chọn đáp án A
Thông tin: sea cucumbers have the capacity to become quiescent and live at a low metabolic rate-feeding sparingly or not at all for long periods, so that the marine organisms that provide their food have a chance to multiply. If it were not for this faculty, they would devour all the food available in a short time and would probably starve themselves out of existence.
(hải sâm có khả năng trở nên yên lặng và sống ở mức tỷ lệ trao đổi chất thấp- ăn ít hoặc không trong một thời gian dài, để các sinh vật cung cấp thức ăn cho chúng có cơ hội nhân lên. Nếu không có chức năng này, chúng sẽ nuốt tất cả thức ăn có sẵn trong một thời gian ngắn và có lẽ sẽ chết đói.)
Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedefensemechanismsofthesea cucumber?
They are very sensitive to surrounding stimuli.
They are almost useless.
They are similar to those of most sea creatures.
They require group cooperation.
Chọn đáp án A
Thông tin: The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attached or even touched; it will do the same if the surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water becomes too polluted.
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Scientistsdonotyetthoroughlyunderstandjusthowthebodyofanindividual becomessensitivetoasubstancethatisharmlessorevenwholesomeforthe averageperson.Milk,wheat,andegg,forexample,rankamongthemost healthfulandwidelyusedfoods.Yetthesefoodscancausepersonssensitiveto themtosuffergreatly.Atfirst,thebodyoftheindividualisnotharmedby comingintocontactwiththesubstance.Afteravaryingintervaloftime,usually longerthanafewweeks,thebodybecomessensitivetoit,andanallergyhas beguntodevelop.Sometimesit'shardtofigureoutifyouhaveafoodallergy, since itcanshowupsomanydifferentways.Yoursymptomscouldbecaused bymanyotherproblems.Youmayhaverashes,hives,jointpainsmimickingarthritis,headaches,irritability,ordepression.Themostcommonfoodallergies aretomilk,eggs,seafood,wheat,nuts,seeds,chocolate,oranges,andtomatoes. Manyoftheseallergieswillnotdevelopifthesefoodsarenotfedtoaninfant untilherorhisintestinesmatureataroundsevenmonths.Breastmilkalsotends tobeprotective.Migrainescanbesetoffbyfoodscontainingtyramine, phenathylamine,monosodiumglutamate,orsodiumnitrate.Commonfoods whichcontainthesearechocolate,agedcheeses,sourcream,redwine,pickled herring,chickenlivers,avocados,ripebananas,curedmeats,manyOrientaland preparedfoods(readthelabels!).Somepeoplehavebeensuccessfulintreating theirmigraineswithsupplementsofB-vitamins,particularlyB6andniacin. Childrenwhoarehyperactivemaybenefitfromeliminatingfoodadditives, especially colorings, and foods high in salicylates fromtheir diets.
The topic of this passage is______________.
reactionstofoods
foodandnutrition
infantsandallergies
a good diet
Chọn đáp án A
Chủ đề của bài viết là: những phản ứng với thức ăn. Đọc bài sẽ dễ dàng thấy những supporting idea cho topic này.
Accordingtothepassage,thedifficultyindiagnosingallergiesto foods is due to______________.
nthe vast number of different foods we eat
lack ofa proper treatment plan
the similarityof symptoms ofthe allergy to other problems
the use of prepared formula to feed babies
Chọn đáp án C
Thông tin ở 2 câu trong bài: Sometimes it’s hard to figure out if you have a food allergy, since it can show up so many different ways. Your symptoms could be caused by many other problems.
Đôi khi thật khó để tìm ra nếu bạn bị dị ứng thực phẩm, vì nó có thể biểu hiện lên rất nhiều cách khác nhau. triệu chứng của bạn có thể bị gây ra bởi nhiều vấn đề khác.
The word "symptoms"is closest in meaning to______________.
indications
diet
diagnosis
prescriptions
Chọn đáp án A
symptoms = indications : dấu hiệu, biểu hiện, triệu chứng
The phrase "set off" is closest in meaning to______________.
relieved
identified
avoided
triggered
Chọn đáp án D
triggered = set off: được gây ra
What can be inferred about babies from this passage?
They can eat almost anything.
They should have a carefully restricted diet as infants.
They gain little benefit from being breast fed.
They may become hyperactive if fed solid food too early.
Chọn đáp án B
Thông tin ở câu cuối: Children who are hyperactive may benefit from eliminating food additives, especially colorings, and foods high in salicylates from their diets.
Những trẻ quá hiếu động có thể được hưởng lợi từ việc loại bỏ các chất phụ gia thực phẩm, đặc biệt là chất tạo màu, và các thực phẩm giàu salicylate từ chế độ ăn uống của chúng.
⇒ They should have a carefully restricted diet as infants. Chúng nên có một chế độ ăn uống hạn chế một cách cẩn thận như trẻ sơ sinh.
Theword"hyperactive"isclosestinmeaningto______________.
overlyactive
unusually low activity
excited
inquisitive
Chọn đáp án A
Hyperactive = overly active : hiếu động thái quá
The author states that the reasonthat infants need to avoid certain foods related to allergies has to do with the infant's______________.
lack ofteeth
poor metabolism
underdeveloped intestinal tract
inability toswallow solid foods
Chọn đáp án C
Thông tin trong bài: Many of these allergies will not develop if these foods are not fed to an infant until her or his intestines mature at around seven months
Nhiều loại dị ứng sẽ không phát triển nếu những thực phẩm này không được làm thức ăn cho trẻ sơ sinh cho đến khi đường ruột của bé trưởng thành vào khoảng bảy tháng.
Readthefollowing passageand markthe lettersA, B,Cor D onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Therapidtranscontinentatsettlementandthesenewurbanindustrial circumstancesofthelasthalfofthe19thcenturywereaccompaniedbythe developmentofnationalliteratureofgreatabundanceandvariety.Newthemes, newforms,newsubjects,newregions,newauthors,newaudiencesallemerged in the literature of this half century.
Asaresult,attheonsetofWorldWarI,thespiritandsubstanceofAmerican literaturehadevolvedremarkably,justasitscenterofproductionhadshifted fromBostontoNewYorkinthelate1880sandthesourcesofitsenergyto ChicagoandtheMidwest.Nolongerwasitproduced,atleastinitspopular forms,inthemainbysolemn,typicallymoralisticmenfromNewEnglandand theOldSouth;nolongerwerepolite,well-dressed,grammaticallycorrect, middle-classyoungpeopletheonlycentralcharactersinitsnarratives;no longerwerethesenarrativestobesetinexoticplacesandremotetimes;no longer,indeed,werefiction,poetry,drama,andformalhistorythechief acceptableformsofliteraryexpression;nolonger,finally,wasliteratureread primarily byyoung, middle class women.
Insum,Americanliteratureintheseyearsfulfilledinconsiderablemeasure theconditionWaltWhitmancalledforin1867indescribingLeavesofGrass: ittreats,hesaidofhisownmajorwork,eachstateandregionaspeers"andexpandsfromthem,andincludestheworld...connectinganAmericancitizen with the citizens of all nations."
The main idea of thispassage is________.
that the new Americanliterature was less provincial than the old
that WorldWar I caused a dramatic change in America
that centers of culture shifted from Eastto West
that most people were wary of the new literature
Chọn đáp án A
Ý chính của bài là : the new American literature was less provincial than the old
Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthepreviouspassage probably discussed ________.
the importance of tradition to writers
newdevelopments inindustrializationand population shifts
the fashions and values of 19th century America
the limitations of American literature to this time
Chọn đáp án B
Câu đầu tiên của bài đọc là: The rapid transcontinentat settlement and these new urban industrial circumstances of the last half of the 19th century were accompanied by the development of national literature of great abundance and variety.
Theword“evolved”inparagraphtwoisclosestinmeaning to________.
became famous
turned back
diminished
changed
Chọn đáp án D
“evolved” ∼ changed: thay đổi, tiến triển
As a result, at the onset of World War I, the spirit and substance of American literature had evolved remarkably. (Kết quả là, vào lúc bắt đầu của Thế chiến I, tinh thần và vật chất của văn học Mỹ đã phát triển đáng kể)
The word “it” in the secondparagraph refers to________.
the population
the energy
American literature
themanufacturing
Chọn đáp án C
“it” được thay thế cho American literature trong câu trước: As a result, at the onset of World War I, the spirit and substance of American literature had evolved remarkably
Theword“exotic"inparagraphtwoisclosestinmeaning to________.
urban
unusual
well-known
old-fashioned
Chọn đáp án B
“exotic" ∼ unusual: kỳ lạ, khác thường
Theauthorusestheword“indeed”inthesecondparagraphfor what purpose?
To emphasize thecontrast he is making.
For variety ina lengthy paragraph.
To wind down his argument.
To show a favorable attitudeto these forms of literature.
Chọn đáp án A
Tác giả sử dụng “indeed” để To emphasize the contrast he is making. (Để nhấn mạnh sự tương phản ông đang làm.)
No longer was it produced, at least in its popular forms;…; no longer, indeed, were fiction, poetry, drama, and formal history the chief acceptable forms of literary expression.
Nó không còn được sản xuất, ít nhất là trong các hình thức phổ biến của nó;…; thực sự, tiểu thuyết, thơ, kịch, và lịch sử chính thống không còn được chấp nhận là các hình thức chính của biểu đạt văn chương
Thephrase“theseyears”inthethirdparagraphrefersto________.
1850-1900
the 1900s
the early 1800s
the present
Chọn đáp án A
The rapid transcontinentat settlement and these new urban industrial circumstances of the last half of the 19th century were accompanied by the development of national literature of great abundance and variety. New themes, new forms, new subjects, new regions, new authors, new audiences all emerged in the literature of this half century.
“these years” ở đây chính là đề cập đến the last half of the 19th century (nửa cuối thế kỉ 19) ⇒ từ năm 1850-1900
It can be inferredfrom the passage thatWalt Whitman________.
disliked urban life
wasdisapproving of the new literature
wrote LeavesofGrass
was an international diplomat
Chọn đáp án C
Thông tin ở câu đầu đoạn cuối: In sum, American literature in these years fulfilled in considerable measure the condition Walt Whitman called for in 1867 in describing Leaves of Grass
Tóm lại, văn học Mỹ trong những năm này đã đáp ứng, xét theo một tiêu chuẩn thích hợp, được điều kiện mà Walt Whitman yêu cầu vào năm 1867 khi mô tả tác phẩm Leaves of Grass ⇒ Walt Whitman đã viết Leaves of Grass.
