(Viên chức Mầm non) 650 câu trắc nghiệm Đọc hiểu tiếng Anh có đáp án - Phần 24
22 câu hỏi
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Certainly nocreature in the sea is odder than the commonsea cucumber. All livingcreature,especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,but everythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecan besaid aboutabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud,feedsalmost continuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets?
Forsomefiftymillionyears,despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumber hassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocks byitstubefeet,underrocksinshallowwater,oronthesurfaceofmudflats. Common in cool water on bothAtlantic and Pacific shores, it has the ability to such up mud or sand anddigest whatevernutrients are present.
Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddish-browntosand-colorandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacle. Usuallythecreaturesarecucumber-shaped-hencetheirname-andbecausethey aretypicallyrockinhabitants,thisshape,combinewithflexibility,enables themtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandocean currents.Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbers havethecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveata lowmetabolicrate-feeding sparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovide theirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty,theywould devourallthefoodavailableinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarve themselves out of existence.
Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefends itself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs,whenattacked,itsquirtsallits internalorgansintothewater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchas tentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattached oreventouched;itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoo high or if the water becomestoo polluted.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
Placeswhere thesea cucumber can be found
The reason for the sea cucumber’s name
Howtoidentify the sea cucumber
What makes thesea cucumber unusual
The word “bizarre” is closestmeaning to
rare
simple
marine
odd
The fourth paragraph of the passage primarily discusses
the eating habits of sea cucumbers
the food sources of sea cucumbers
the reproductionof sea cucumbers
threatsto sea cucumbers’ existence
Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumbers important?
Itmakes them attractive to fish
It helpsthem to protect themselves from danger.
It helpsthemto digest their food.
Itmakes it easier for them to move through the mud.
The phrase “castsoff” is closestinmeaningto
gets ridof
grows again
grabs
uses as a weapon
The words “this faculty” refers to the sea cucumber’s ability to
live ata low metabolic rate
squeeze into crevices
devour all available food in a short time
suck upmud or sand
Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedefensemechanismsofthesea cucumber?
They are very sensitive to surrounding stimuli.
They are almost useless.
They are similar to those of most sea creatures.
They require group cooperation.
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Scientistsdonotyetthoroughlyunderstandjusthowthebodyofanindividual becomessensitivetoasubstancethatisharmlessorevenwholesomeforthe averageperson.Milk,wheat,andegg,forexample,rankamongthemost healthfulandwidelyusedfoods.Yetthesefoodscancausepersonssensitiveto themtosuffergreatly.Atfirst,thebodyoftheindividualisnotharmedby comingintocontactwiththesubstance.Afteravaryingintervaloftime,usually longerthanafewweeks,thebodybecomessensitivetoit,andanallergyhas beguntodevelop.Sometimesit'shardtofigureoutifyouhaveafoodallergy, since itcanshowupsomanydifferentways.Yoursymptomscouldbecaused bymanyotherproblems.Youmayhaverashes,hives,jointpainsmimickingarthritis,headaches,irritability,ordepression.Themostcommonfoodallergies aretomilk,eggs,seafood,wheat,nuts,seeds,chocolate,oranges,andtomatoes. Manyoftheseallergieswillnotdevelopifthesefoodsarenotfedtoaninfant untilherorhisintestinesmatureataroundsevenmonths.Breastmilkalsotends tobeprotective.Migrainescanbesetoffbyfoodscontainingtyramine, phenathylamine,monosodiumglutamate,orsodiumnitrate.Commonfoods whichcontainthesearechocolate,agedcheeses,sourcream,redwine,pickled herring,chickenlivers,avocados,ripebananas,curedmeats,manyOrientaland preparedfoods(readthelabels!).Somepeoplehavebeensuccessfulintreating theirmigraineswithsupplementsofB-vitamins,particularlyB6andniacin. Childrenwhoarehyperactivemaybenefitfromeliminatingfoodadditives, especially colorings, and foods high in salicylates fromtheir diets.
The topic of this passage is______________.
reactionstofoods
foodandnutrition
infantsandallergies
a good diet
Accordingtothepassage,thedifficultyindiagnosingallergiesto foods is due to______________.
nthe vast number of different foods we eat
lack ofa proper treatment plan
the similarityof symptoms ofthe allergy to other problems
the use of prepared formula to feed babies
The word "symptoms"is closest in meaning to______________.
indications
diet
diagnosis
prescriptions
The phrase "set off" is closest in meaning to______________.
relieved
identified
avoided
triggered
What can be inferred about babies from this passage?
They can eat almost anything.
They should have a carefully restricted diet as infants.
They gain little benefit from being breast fed.
They may become hyperactive if fed solid food too early.
Theword"hyperactive"isclosestinmeaningto______________.
overlyactive
unusually low activity
excited
inquisitive
The author states that the reasonthat infants need to avoid certain foods related to allergies has to do with the infant's______________.
lack ofteeth
poor metabolism
underdeveloped intestinal tract
inability toswallow solid foods
Readthefollowing passageand markthe lettersA, B,Cor D onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Therapidtranscontinentatsettlementandthesenewurbanindustrial circumstancesofthelasthalfofthe19thcenturywereaccompaniedbythe developmentofnationalliteratureofgreatabundanceandvariety.Newthemes, newforms,newsubjects,newregions,newauthors,newaudiencesallemerged in the literature of this half century.
Asaresult,attheonsetofWorldWarI,thespiritandsubstanceofAmerican literaturehadevolvedremarkably,justasitscenterofproductionhadshifted fromBostontoNewYorkinthelate1880sandthesourcesofitsenergyto ChicagoandtheMidwest.Nolongerwasitproduced,atleastinitspopular forms,inthemainbysolemn,typicallymoralisticmenfromNewEnglandand theOldSouth;nolongerwerepolite,well-dressed,grammaticallycorrect, middle-classyoungpeopletheonlycentralcharactersinitsnarratives;no longerwerethesenarrativestobesetinexoticplacesandremotetimes;no longer,indeed,werefiction,poetry,drama,andformalhistorythechief acceptableformsofliteraryexpression;nolonger,finally,wasliteratureread primarily byyoung, middle class women.
Insum,Americanliteratureintheseyearsfulfilledinconsiderablemeasure theconditionWaltWhitmancalledforin1867indescribingLeavesofGrass: ittreats,hesaidofhisownmajorwork,eachstateandregionaspeers"andexpandsfromthem,andincludestheworld...connectinganAmericancitizen with the citizens of all nations."
The main idea of thispassage is________.
that the new Americanliterature was less provincial than the old
that WorldWar I caused a dramatic change in America
that centers of culture shifted from Eastto West
that most people were wary of the new literature
Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthepreviouspassage probably discussed ________.
the importance of tradition to writers
newdevelopments inindustrializationand population shifts
the fashions and values of 19th century America
the limitations of American literature to this time
Theword“evolved”inparagraphtwoisclosestinmeaning to________.
became famous
turned back
diminished
changed
The word “it” in the secondparagraph refers to________.
the population
the energy
American literature
themanufacturing
Theword“exotic"inparagraphtwoisclosestinmeaning to________.
urban
unusual
well-known
old-fashioned
Theauthorusestheword“indeed”inthesecondparagraphfor what purpose?
To emphasize thecontrast he is making.
For variety ina lengthy paragraph.
To wind down his argument.
To show a favorable attitudeto these forms of literature.
Thephrase“theseyears”inthethirdparagraphrefersto________.
1850-1900
the 1900s
the early 1800s
the present
It can be inferredfrom the passage thatWalt Whitman________.
disliked urban life
wasdisapproving of the new literature
wrote LeavesofGrass
was an international diplomat
