(Viên chức Mầm non) 650 câu trắc nghiệm Đọc hiểu tiếng Anh có đáp án - Phần 23
34 câu hỏi
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
“Whenasnowleopardstalksitspreyamongthemountainwalls,itmoves softly,slowly,”explainsIndianbiologistRaghunandanSinghChundawat,who hasstudiedtheanimalforyears.“Ifitknocksastoneloose,itwillreachouta foottostopitfromfallingandmakingnoise.”Onemightbemovingrightnow, perfectly silent, maybe close by. But where? And how many are left to see?
Bestknownforitsspottedcoatandlongdistinctivetail,thesnowleopardis oneoftheworld’smostsecretiveanimals.Theseelusivecatscanonlybefound highintheremote,mountainousregionsofcentralAsia.Forthisreason,and because they hunt primarily at night, they are very rarely seen.
Snowleopardshavebeenofficiallyprotectedsince1975,butenforcingthis lawhasprovendifficult.Manycontinuetobekilledfortheirfurandbodyparts, whichareworthafortuneontheblackmarket.Inrecentyears,though,conflict withlocalherdershasalsoledtoanumberofsnowleoparddeaths.Thisis becausethebigcatskilltheherders’animals,anddragthebodiesawaytoeat high up in the mountains.
Asaresultofthesepressures,thecurrentsnowleopardpopulationisestimatedat only4,000 to7,000, andsome fear thatthe actualnumbermay alreadyhave
droppedbelow3,500.Theonlywaytoreversethistrendandbringthesecats backfromnearextinction,sayconservationists,istomakethemmorevaluable alive thandead.
BecausefarmingisdifficultinCentralAsia’scold,drylandscape,traditional culturesdependmostlyonlivestock(mainlysheepandgoats)tosurvivein thesemountainousregions.Atnight,whensnowleopardshunt,herders’ animalsareindangerofsnowleopardattacks.Losingonlyafewanimalscan pushafamilyintodesperatepoverty.“Thewolfcomesandkills,eats,andgoes somewhereelse,”saidoneherder,“butsnowleopardsarealwaysaround.They havekilledoneortwoanimalsmanytime.Everybodywantedtofinishthis leopard.”
Toaddressthisproblem,localreligiousleadershavecalledforanendtosnow leopardkillings,sayingthatthesewildanimalshavetherighttoexist peacefully.They’vealsotriedtoconvincepeoplethattheleopardsarequite rareandthusitisimportanttoprotectthem.Financialincentivesarealso helpingtoslowsnowleopardkillings.TheorganizationSnowLeopard Conservancy–IndiahasestablishedHimalayanHomestays,aprogramthat sendsvisitorstotheregiontoherders’houses.Foracleanroomandbed,meals withthefamily,andanintroductiontotheirculture,visitorspayabouttenU.S. dollarsanight.Havingguestsonceeverytwoweeksthroughthetouristseason providestheherderswithenoughincometoreplacetheanimalslosttosnow leopards.Inaddition,Homestayshelpsherdersbuildprotectivefencesthatkeep outsnowleopards.Theorganizationalsoconductsenvironmentalclassesat villageschoolsandtrainsHomestaysmembersasnatureguides,availablefor hire. In exchange,the herders agree not to kill snow leopards.
InMongolia,aprojectcalledSnowLeopardEnterprises(SLE)helpsherder communitiesearnextramoneyinexchangefortheirpromisetoprotectthe endangeredcat.WomeninMongolianherdercommunitiesmakeavarietyof products—yarnformakingclothes,decorativefloorrugs,andtoys—usingthe woolfromtheirherds.SLEbuystheseitemsfromherdingfamiliesandsells themabroad.Herdersmustagreetoprotectthesnowleopardsandtoencourage neighbors to do the same.
Thearrangementincreasesherders’incomesby10to15percentand “elevates”thestatusofthewomen.Ifnooneinthecommunitykillsthe protectedanimalsoverthecourseofayear,theprogrammembersarerewarded witha20percentbonusinadditiontothemoneythey’vealreadymade.An independentreviewin2006foundnosnowleopardkillingsinareaswhereSLE operates. Today the organization continuesto add more communities.ProjectsliketheHomestaysprograminIndiaandSLE’sbusinessinMongolia aredoingwell,thoughtheycoveronlyasmallpartofthesnowleopard’s homeland,theymaketheleopardsmorevaluabletomorepeopleeachyear.If theseprogramscontinuetodowell,thesnowleopardmayjusthaveafigting chance.
WhichoftheseisNOTtrueabouttheHimalayanHomestays program?
The organization helpsherders to build fences.
Herders provide accommodation to guests.
Some herders work as nature guides.
Visitors pay $10 a week to stay at a herder’s house.
Chọn đáp án D
Thông tin: For a clean room and bed, meals with the family, and an introduction to their culture, visitors pay about ten U.S. dollars a night.
The purpose of the projects mentioned is
to persuade herders to live on eco-tourism not raisinganimals
to elevate the status of the women in the communities
to increase the population ofsnow leopards in wildlife reserves
to make localpeople have a sustainablelife toprotect snow leopards
Chọn đáp án D
Thông tin: To address this problem, local religious leaders have called for an end to snow leopard killings, saying that these wild animals have the right to exist peacefully. They’ve also tried to convince people that the leopards are quite rare and thus it is important to protect them.
The phrase “this trend” in paragraph 4 refers to
thefallinthesnowleopardpopulation
thepressurescausedbythe black market
increasingconflictwith the herders
the opinions of conservationists
Chọn đáp án A
As a result of these pressures, the current snow leopard population is estimated at only 4,000 to 7,000, and some fear that the actual number may already have dropped below 3,500. The only way to reverse this trend and bring these cats back from near extinction… (Như là kết quả của sức ép này, dân số báo tuyết hiện tại ước tính chỉ có 4.000 đến 7.000, và một số người lo ngại rằng con số thực tế có thể đã giảm xuống dưới 3.500. Cách duy nhất để đảo ngược xu hướng này và mang những con mèo này trở lại từ gần như tuyệt chủng…)
What is the main idea of the thirdparagraph?
Local herders are uncooperativein attempts to save snow leopards.
The snow leopard’s endangerment is due to in part to the blackmarket.
Snow leopards are killed for their fur and bodyparts.
It is difficult to enforce the laws madeto protect the snow leopard.
Chọn đáp án D
Thông tin: Snow leopards have been officially protected since 1975, but enforcing this law has proven difficult.
The word “address” in in paragraph 6 can be replaced by
solve
locate
discuss
Change
Chọn đáp án A
"address" = solve: giải quyết
To address this problem, local religious leaders have called for an end to snow leopard killings, saying that these wild animals have the right to exist peacefully. (Để giải quyết vấn đề này, các nhà lãnh đạo tôn giáo địa phương đã kêu gọi chấm dứt các vụ giết báo tuyết, nói rằng những động vật hoang dã này có quyền tồn tại một cách hòa bình.)
WhyistheMongolianwomen'sstatusinthecommunity “elevated”?
They can encourage their neighbours.
They are savingmoney for the snow leopards.
They are earning money for the community.
They are living higher up inthe mountain.
Chọn đáp án C
Thông tin: Women in Mongolian herder communities make a variety of products—yarn for making clothes, decorative floor rugs, and toys—using the wool from their herds. SLE buys these items from herding families and sells them abroad. […] The arrangement increases herders’ incomes by 10 to 15 percent and “elevates” the status of the women.
Accordingtoconservationists,whatisthebestwaytosavethe snow leopard?
Create a nature park where they can be free
Move herders away fromwhere the snow leopardlives
Pass laws to punish people who kill snow leopards for their fur
Make people recognize the value of living snow leopards.
Chọn đáp án D
Thông tin: The only way to reverse this trend and bring these cats back from near extinction, say conservationists, is to make them more valuable alive than dead.
The word “bodies”in paragraph 3 refers to
the big cats
local herders
snow leopards
the herders’ animals
Chọn đáp án D
“bodies” đề cập đến “the herders’ animals”
This is because the big cats kill the herders’ animals, and drag the bodies away to eat high up in the mountains. (Điều này là do những con mèo lớn giết động vật của những người chăn nuôi gia súc, và kéo các xác chết đi để ăn ở cao trên núi.)
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Beforethe1500’s,thewesternplainsofNorthAmericaweredominatedby farmers.Onegroup,theMandans,livedintheupperMissouriRivercountry, primarilyinpresent–dayNorthDakota.Theyhadlargevillagesofhousesbuilt closetogether.ThetightarrangementenabledtheMandanstoprotect
themselvesmoreeasilyfromtheattacksofotherswhomightseektoobtain someofthefoodthesehighlycapablefarmersstoredfromoneyeartothenext.
Thewomenhadprimaryresponsibilityforthefields.Theyhadtoexercise considerableskilltoproducethedesiredresults,fortheirnorthernlocation meantfleetinggrowingseasons.Winteroftenlingered;autumncouldbe usheredinbyseverefrost.Forgoodmeasure,duringthespringandsummer, drought,heat,hail,grasshoppers,andotherfrustrationsmightawaitthewary grower.
Undersuchconditions,Mandanwomenhadtogrowmaizecapableof weatheringadversity.Theybeganasearlyasitappearedfeasibletodosointhe spring,clearingtheland,usingfiretoclearstubblefromthefieldsandthen planting. From thispointuntilthe firstgreen corn couldbe harvested, thecrop required labor and vigilance.
Harvestingproceededintwostages.InAugusttheMandanspickedasmaller amountofthecropbeforeithadmaturedfully.Thisgreencornwasboiled, driedandshelled,withsomeofthemaizeslatedforimmediateconsumption andthereststoredinanimal–skinbags.Laterinthefall,thepeoplepickedthe restofthecorn.Theysavedthebestoftheharvestforseedsorfortrade,with the remaindereaten right awayorstoredfor alter use inundergroundreserves. Withappropriatebankingoftheextrafood,theMandansprotectedthemselves against thedisaster of cropfailure and accompanyhunger.
Thewomanplantedanotherstaple,squash,aboutthefirstofJune,and harvesteditnearthetimeofthegreencornharvest.Aftertheypickedit,they slicedit,driedit,andstrungtheslicesbeforetheystoredthem.Onceagain, theysavedtheseedsfromthebestoftheyear’scrop.TheMandansalsogrew sunflowers and tobacco; the latter was the particular task of the older men.
What is the main topic of the passage?
The problems encountered by farmers specializing in growing once crop
The agricultural activities of a North American Society
Various ways corn can be used.
Weatherconditions on the western plains.
Chọn đáp án B.
Giải thích: Ý B là ý tổng quát nhất, A, C, D chỉ là những ý nhỏ trong bài
The Mandans built their houses close together in order to_____.
guard their supplies of food
protect themselves against the weather
share farming implements
allow more room for growing corn
Chọn đáp án A.
Thông tin trong bài: They had large villages of houses built close together. The tight arrangement enabled the Mandans to protect themselves more easily from the attacks of others who might seek to obtain some of the food these highly capable farmers stored from one year to the next.
Theword“enabled”inthefirstparagraphisclosestin meaningto _____.
covered
helped
reminded
isolated
Chọn đáp án B
Giải thích: enable = help: giúp đỡ
Các từ còn lại: cover: bao phủ; remind: nhắc nhở; isolate: cô lập
WhydoestheauthorbelievethattheMandanswereskilled farmers
They developed effective fertilizers.
They could grow crops in most types of soil.
They could grow crops despite adverse weather.
They developed new varieties of corn.
Chọn đáp án C
Giải thích: Dựa vào toàn bộ đoạn 3.
Theword“consumption”intheparagraphisclosestinmeaningto _____.
decay
conversation
eating
planting
Chọn đáp án C
Giải thích: consumption: sự tiêu thụ (ngô) ⇒ eating: ăn
Các từ còn lại: decay: hư nát; thối rữa; conversation: cuộc trò chuyện; planting: trồng
Whichofthefollowingprocessesdoestheauthorimplywasdone by both men and women?
clearing fields
Harvesting corn
Harvesting squash
Planting corn
Chọn đáp án C
Harvesting corn: thu hoạch mùa ngô.
A, B, D là những công việc của phụ nữ, ý trong bài: … clearing the land, using fire to clear stubble from the fields and then planting. ( đoạn 3); ….The woman planted another staple, squash,… (đoạn 5).
Theword“disaster”inparagraph4isclosestinmeaningto_____.
control
catastrophe
history
avoidance
Chọn đáp án B
disaster: thảm họa = catastrophe
Các từ còn lại: control: điều khiển; history: lịch sử; avoidance: sự tránh xa
The word “them” in the last paragraph refers to _____.
women
seeds
slices
the Mandans
Chọn đáp án C
Thông tin trong bài: After they picked it, they sliced It, dried it, and strung the slices before they stored them.
Which of the following crops was cultivated primarily by men?
Sunflower
Corn
Squash
Tobacco
Chọn đáp án D
Thông tin trong bài: The Mandans also grew sunflowers and tobacco; the latter was the particular task of the older men.
Throughoutthepassage,theauthorimpliesthattheMandans _____.
valued individuality
were very adventurous
were open to strangers
planned for the future
Chọn đáp án D
Cả bài tập trung nói về hoạt động trồng trọt canh tác của người Mandans ⇒ họ đã lên kế hoạch cho tương lai là đáp án hợp lý nhất.
Readthefollowing passageand markthe lettersA, B,Cor D onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Thunderstorms,withtheirjaggedburstsoflightningandroaringthunder,are actuallyoneofnature’sprimarymechanismsfortransferringheatfromthe surfaceoftheearthintotheatmosphere.Athunderstormstartswhenlow-lying pocketsofwarmairfromthesurfaceoftheearthbegintorise.Thepocketsof warmairfloatupwardthroughtheairabovethatisbothcoolerandheavier. Therisingpocketscoolastheirpressuredecreases,andtheirlatentheatis releasedabovethecondensationlinethroughtheformationofcumulusclouds.
Whatwillhappenwiththesecloudsdependsonthetemperatureofthe atmosphere.Inwinter,theairtemperaturedifferentialbetweenhigherand loweraltitudesisnotextremelygreat,andthetemperatureoftherisingairmass dropsmoreslowly.Duringthesecoldermonths,theatmosphere,therefore, tendstoremainratherstable.Insummer,however,whenthereisahigh accumulationofheatneartheearth’ssurface,indirectcontrasttothe considerablycolderairhigherup,thetemperaturedifferentialbetweenhigher andloweraltitudesismuch morepronounced.Aswarmairrisesinthistypeof environment,thetemperaturedropsmuchmorerapidlythanitdoesinwinter; whenthetemperaturedropsmorethan4degreesFahrenheitperthousandfeet ofaltitude,cumuluscloudsaggregateintoasinglemassivecumulonimbus cloud, or thunderhead.
In isolation, asingle thunderstormis animpressive butfairly benign way for MotherEarthtodefusetrappedheatfromhersurface;thunderstorms,however, canappearinconcert,andtheresultingshow,whileextremelyimpressive,can alsoproveextraordinarilydestructive.Whenthereisalarge-scalecollision betweencoldairandwarmairmassesduringthesummermonths,asquallline,
or seriesof thunderheads, may develop.It iscommonforasquall lineto begin whenanadvancingcoldfrontmeetsupwithandforcesitselfunderalayerof warmandmoistair,creatingalineofthunderstormsthatracesforwardat speedsofapproximatelyfortymilesperhour.Asquallline,whichcanbe hundredsofmileslongandcancontainfiftydistinctthunderheads,isa magnificentforceofnaturewithincrediblepotentialfordestruction.Withinthe squallline,oftennearitssouthernend,canbefoundsupercells,long-lived rotating storms of exceptional strength that serve as the source of tornadoes.
The topic of the passage is ________.
the development of thunderstorms and squall lines
the devastatingeffects of tornadoes
cumulus and cumulonimbus clouds
the power of tornadoes
Chọn đáp án A
Giải thích: Câu hỏi này ta nên làm cuối cùng để có cái nhìn khái quát về tổng thể bài văn là về sự phát triển của bão có sấm sét và dòng đối lưu.
The word “mechanisms” in paragraph 1 is most likely ________.
machines
motions
methods
materials
Chọn đáp án C
“mechanisms”: cơ chế, phương pháp
Thunderstorms, with their jagged bursts of lightning and roaring thunder, are actually one of nature’s primary mechanisms for transferring heat from the surface of the earth into the atmosphere.
Bão có sấm sét, với một loạt chớp và tiếng sấm ầm ầm, thực sự là một trong những cơ chế chính của thiên nhiên để truyền nhiệt từ bề mặt trái đất vào khí quyển.
It can be inferredfrom the passage that, in summer, ________.
thereisnotagreattemperaturedifferentialbetweenhigherandlower altitudes
thegreatertemperaturedifferentialbetweenhigherandloweraltitudes makes thunderstorms more likely to occur
there is not much cold air higher up in theatmosphere
the temperature of rising air drops more slowly than it does in winter
Chọn đáp án B
Thông tin: In summer, however, when there is a high accumulation of heat near the earth’s surface, in direct contrast to the considerably colder air higher up, the temperature differential between higher and lower altitudes is much more pronounced. As warm air rises in this type of environment, the temperature drops much more rapidly than it does in winter
Theword“benign”inparagraph3isclosestinmeaningto ________.
harmless
beneficial
ferocious
spectacular
Chọn đáp án A
Giải thích: “benign” = harmless: ôn hoà, lành tính, vô hại
Theexpression“inconcert”inparagraph3couldbestbereplaced by ________.
as a chorus
as a cluster
withother musicians
in a performance
Chọn đáp án C
“in concert” = as a cluster thunderstorms, however, can appear in concert, and the resulting show, while extremely impressive, can also prove extraordinarily destructive. cơn bão có sấm sét có thể xuất hiện theo cụm, và kết quả, trong khi cực kỳ ấn tượng, cũng có thể tàn phá khác thường.
The word “itself” in paragraph 3 refers to ________.
a large-scale collision
an advancing cold front
a squall line
a layer ofwarm andmoist air
Chọn đáp án C
“itself” chính là “an advancing cold front”
It is common for a squall line to begin when an advancing cold front meets up with and forces itself under a layer of warm and moist air
Dòng đối lưu thường bắt đầu khi một frông lạnh xảy đến trước tình cờ và ép chính nó dưới một lớp không khí ấm áp và ẩm ướt
Allofthefollowingarementionedinthepassageaboutsupercells EXCEPT that they ________.
are of short duration
have circlingwinds
have extraordinary power
can give birthto tornadoes
Chọn đáp án A
Thông tin: Within the squall line, often near its southern end, can be found supercells, long-lived rotating storms of exceptional strength that serve as the source of tornadoes.
Thisreadingwouldmostprobablybeassignedinwhichofthe following courses?
Geography
Meteorology
Marine Biology
Chemistry
Chọn đáp án B
Bài này thuộc lĩnh vực khí tượng học.
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Aconsiderablebodyofresearchhasdemonstratedacorrelationbetweenbirth orderandaspectssuchastemperamentandbehavior,andsomepsychologists believethatbirthordersignificantlyaffectsthedevelopmentofpersonality. PsychologistAlfredAdlerwasapioneerinthestudyoftherelationship betweenbirthorderandpersonality.Akeypointinhisresearchandinthe hypothesisthathedevelopedbasedonitwasthatitwasnottheactualnumerical birthpositionthataffectedpersonality;instead,itwasthesimilarresponsesin largenumbersoffamiliestochildreninspecificbirthorderpositionsthathad aneffect.Forexample,first-borns,whohavetheirparentstothemselves initiallyanddonothavetodealwithsiblingsinthefirstpartoftheirlives,tend tohavetheirfirstsocializationexperienceswithadultsandthereforetendto findtheprocessofpeersocializationmoredifficult.Incontrast,later-born childrenhavetodealwithsiblingsfromthefirstmomentoftheirlivesand therefore tend to have stronger socialization skills.
NumerousstudiessinceAdler’shavebeenconductedontheeffectofbirth orderandpersonality.Thesestudieshavetendedtoclassifybirthordertypes
intofourdifferentcategories:first-born,second-bornand/ormiddle,last,and only child.
Studieshaveconsistentlyshownthatfirst-bornchildrentendtoexhibit similar,positiveandnegativepersonalitytraits.First-bornshaveconsistently beenlinkedwithacademicachievementinvariousstudies;inonestudy,the numberofNationalMeritscholarshipwinnerswhoarefirst-bornswasfound tobeequaltothenumberofsecond-andthird-bornscombined.First-bornshave beenfoundtobemoreresponsibleandassertivethanthosebornin otherbirth-orderpositionsandtendtorisetopositionsofleadershipmoreoftenthan others;morefirst-bornshaveservedintheU.S.CongressandasU.S.presidents thanhavethoseborninotherbirth-orderpositions.However,studieshave shownthatfirst-bornstendtobemoresubjecttostressandwereconsidered problemchildren more often than later-borns.
Second-bornand/ormiddlechildrendemonstratemarkedlydifferent tendenciesfromfirst-borns.Theytendtofeelinferiortotheolderchildor children because it is difficult for themto comprehend that their lower level of achievementisafunctionofageratherthanability,andtheyoftentryto succeedinareasotherthanthoseinwhichtheiroldersiblingorsiblingsexcel. Theytendtobemoretrusting,accepting,andfocusedonothersthanthemore self-centered first-borns, and they tend tohavea comparatively higher level of successinteamsportsthandofirst-bornsoronlychildren,whomoreoften excel in individual sports.
Thelast-bornchildistheonewhotendstobetheeternalbabyofthefamily andthusoftenexhibitsastrongsenseofsecurity.Last-bornscollectively achievethehighestdegreeofsocialsuccessanddemonstratethehighestlevels ofself-esteemofallthebirth-orderpositions.Theyoftenexhibitless competitivenessthan olderbrothersandsisters andare more likely totakepart inlesscompetitivegroupgamesorinsocialorganizationssuchassororities and fraternities.
Onlychildrentendtoexhibitsomeofthemaincharacteristicsoffirst-borns andsomeofthecharacteristicsoflast-borns.Onlychildrentendtoexhibitthe strongsenseofsecurityandself-esteemexhibitedbylastbornswhile,likefirst-borns,theyaremoreachievementorientedandmorelikelythanmiddle-orlast-bornstoachieveacademicsuccess.However,onlychildrentendtohavethe mostproblemsestablishingcloserelationshipsandexhibitalowerneedfor affiliationthan other children.
Theword“body”inparagraph1couldbestbereplaced by________.
amount
organization
corpse
skeleton
Chọn đáp án A
"body" = amount: lượng
Theword“key”inparagraph1couldbestbereplaced by________.
secret
studied
significant
locked
Chọn đáp án C
"key" ∼ significant: đáng kể, có ý nghĩa, quan trọng
The word “it” in paragraph 1 refers to________.
component
research
hypothesis
personality
Chọn đáp án B
"it" đề cập đến “research”
A key point in his research and in the hypothesis that he developed based on it was that it was not the actual numerical birth position that affected personality.
Một điểm quan trọng trong nghiên cứu của ông và trong giả thuyết mà ông đã phát triển dựa trên nó là không phải số vị trí trật tự sinh thật tế ảnh hưởng đến tính cách.
What is stated in paragraph 1 about Adler?
Hehadfoundthattheresponsesbyfamilymembershadlittletodowith personality.
He believed that it was the actual birth order that affected personality.
He was one of thefirst tostudy the effect of birth order on personality.
He was the only one to study birth order.
Chọn đáp án C
Thông tin: Psychologist Alfred Adler was a pioneer in the study of the relationship between birth order and personality.
Which of the sentences below expresses the essential information intheitalicsentenceinparagraph3?Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaningin importantways or leave out essential information.
Becausefirst-bornstendtobeveryassertive,theyareuncomfortableserving in government positions.
Severalexamplessupporttheideathatfirst-bornshavecharacteristicsthat make them leaders.
Aninterestingfactthatisdifficulttoexplainisthatmanyfirst-bornshave served in high government positions.
Inspiteofcertaincharacteristicsthatfirst-bornspossess,manyofthem become leaders.
Chọn đáp án B
Giải thích: Câu nào trong các câu dưới đây thể hiện thông tin thiết yếu trong câu in nghiêng trong đoạn 3? Các lựa chọn không chính xác thay đổi ý nghĩa theo những cách quan trọng hoặc loại những thông tin cần thiết.
A. Bởi vì con đầu lòng có khuynh hướng quyết đoán, họ cảm thấy không thoải mái trong các vị trí của chính phủ.
B. Một số ví dụ ủng hộ ý tưởng rằng con đầu lòng có những đặc điểm làm cho họ trở thành những nhà lãnh đạo.
C. Một sự kiện thú vị khó giải thích là nhiều con đầu lòng phục vụ ở các vị trí cao của chính phủ.
D. Dù cho những đặc điểm nhất định mà con đầu lòng có, nhiều người trong số họ trở thành lãnh đạo.
Theword“accepting”inparagraph4isclosestinmeaning to________.
respectable
affectionatev
admissible
tolerant
Chọn đáp án D
"accepting" = tolerant: khoan dung, tha thứ, độ lượng
Which of the following is NOT true?
Middle children tend to have apreference for team sports.
First-borns tend to do well inindividual sports.
Only children tend to prefer individual over team sports.
Last-borns tend to prefer games withfierce competition.
Chọn đáp án D
Thông tin: They often exhibit less competitiveness than older brothers and sisters and are more likely to take part in less competitive group games or in social organizations such as sororities and fraternities.
Thephrase“moreachievementoriented”intheparagraph6is closest in meaning to ______.
more skilled as leaders
more aware ofsurroundings
more directly involved
more focused on accomplishments
Chọn đáp án D
"more achievement oriented" = more focused on accomplishments
they are more achievement oriented and more likely than middle-or last-borns to achieve academic success (họ có xu hướng thành công hơn và có nhiều khả năng để đạt được thành công trong học tập hơn con ở giữa- hoặc con út)
