(Viên chức Mầm non) 650 câu trắc nghiệm Đọc hiểu tiếng Anh có đáp án - Phần 20
30 câu hỏi
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
WhenJohnMillswasgoingtoflyinanaeroplaneforthefirsttime,hewas frightened.Hedidnotliketheideaofbeingthousandsoffeetupintheair.“I alsodidn‟tlikethefactthatIwouldn‟tbeincontrol,”saysJohn.“I‟materrible passengerinthecar.Whensomebodyelseisdriving,Itellthemwhattoso.It driveseverybodycrazy.”HoweverJohncouldn‟tavoidflyinganylonger.It wastheonlywayhecouldvisithisgrandchildreninCanada.“Ihadmadeup mymindthatIwasgoingtodoit,Icouldn‟tletmyson,hiswifeandtheirthree childrentravelallthewayheretovisitme.Itwouldbesoexpensiveforthem andIknowTom‟sbusinessisn‟tdoingsowellatthemoment–itwouldalso be tiring for the children– it‟s a nine-hourflight!” he says.TogetreadyfortheflightJohndidlotsofreadingaboutaeroplanes.When hebookedhisseat,hewastoldthathewouldbeflyingonaBoeing747,which isbetterknownasajumbojet.“Ineededtoknowasmuchaspossiblebefore gettinginthatplane.Isupposeitwasawayofmakingmyselffeelbetter.The Boeing747isthelargestpassengeraircraftintheworldatthemoment.The firstoneflewonFebruary9th1969intheUSA.Itcancarryupto524 passengersand3.400piecesofluggage.Thefuelforaeroplanesiskeptinthe wingsandthe747’swingsaresobigthattheycancarryenoughfuelforan averagecartobeabletotravel16,000kilometresayearfor70years.Isn‟tthat unbelievable?EventhoughIhaddiscoveredallthisveryinteresting informationaboutthejumbo,whenIsawitforthefirsttime,justbeforeIwas goingtotraveltoCanada,Istillcouldn‟tbelievethatsomethingsoenormous wasgoingtogetupintheairandfly.IwasevenmoreimpressedwhenIsaw how bigitwas insidewith hundreds ofpeople!” Thebiggest surprise ofallfor Johnwastheflightitself.“Thetake-offitselfwasmuchsmootherthanI expectedalthough I was stillquite scareduntilwe wereinthe air.Inthe end, I managedtorelax,enjoythefoodandwatchoneofthemoviesandtheview fromthewindowwasspectacular.Ievenmanagedtosleepforawhile!Of course,”continuesJohn,“thebestrewardofallwaswhenIarrivedinCanada andsawmysonandhisfamily,particularlymybeautifulgrandchildren. Suddenly,IfeltsosillyaboutalltheyearswhenIcouldn‟teventhinkofgetting onaplane.IhadletmyfearoflivingstopmefromseeingthepeopleIlove most in the world. I can visit my son and family as often as I like now!”
Why did John Mills fly in an aeroplane?
He wanted to go on holiday
He wanted to see his family
He wanted to try it.
He had to travel on business.
Chọn đáp án C
Dẫn chứng: It was the only way he could visit his grandchildren in Canada. “I had made up my mind that I was going to do it, I couldn‟t let my son, his wife and their three children travel all the way here to visit me. It would be so expensive for them and I know Tom‟s business isn‟t doing so well at the moment – it would also be tiring for the children – it‟s a nine-hour flight!” he says.
Why did John read about aeroplane?
He wanted to know how they work.
Itwas his hobby.
Itmade him feel safer.
He had found a book on them.
Chọn đáp án A
Dẫn chứng: To get ready for the flight John did lots of reading about aeroplanes. When he booked his seat, he was told that he would be flying on a Boeing 747, which is better known as a jumbo jet. “I needed to know as much as possible before getting in that plane.
What happened when he saw the jumbo jet for the first time?
He felt much safer.
He liked the shape of it.
Hecouldn‟tbelievehowbigitwas.
Hethoughtthewingswerevery
Chọn đáp án C
Dẫn chứng: Even though I had discovered all this very interesting information about the jumbo, when I saw it for the first time, just before I was going to travel to Canada, I still couldn‟t believe that something so enormous was going to get up in the air and fly. I was even more impressed when I saw how big it was inside with hundreds of people!”
How did John feel when theaeroplane was takingoff?
excited
happy
sad
frightened
Chọn đáp án D
Dẫn chứng: “The take-off itself was much smoother than I expected although I was still quite scared until we were in the air.”
What surprised John most about theflight?
that he liked the food.
that he was able to sleep
that there was a movie being shown
that the view was good
Chọn đáp án B
Dẫn chứng: In the end, I managed to relax, enjoy the food and watch one of the movies and the view from the window was spectacular. I even managed to sleep for a while! Of course,”
How did John feel about his fears in the end?
He thought he had wasted time being afraid.
He realized itwas okay to be afraid.
He hoped his grandchildren weren‟t afraid of flying.
He realized that being afraid kept himsafe.
Chọn đáp án A
Dẫn chứng: Suddenly, I felt so silly about all the years when I couldn‟t even think of getting on a plane. I had let my fear of living stop me from seeing the people I love most in the world. I can visit my son and family as often as I like now!”
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Althoughnoise,commonlydefinedasunwantedsound,isawidely recognizedformofpollution,itisverydifficulttomeasurebecausethe discomfortexperiencedbydifferentindividualsishighlysubjectiveand, therefore,variable.Exposuretolowerlevelsofnoisemaybeslightlyirritating, whereasexposuretohigherlevelsmayactuallycausehearingloss.Particularly incongestedurbanareas,thenoiseproducedasabyproductofouradvancing technologycausesphysicalandpsychologicalharm,anddetractsfromthe quality of life for those who are exposed to it.
Unliketheeyes,whichcanbecoveredbytheeyelidsagainststronglight,the earhasnolid,andis,therefore,alwaysopenandvulnerable;noisepenetrates withoutprotection.Noisecauseseffectsthatthehearercannotcontrolandto whichthebodyneverbecomesaccustomed.Loudnoisesinstinctivelysignal dangertoanyorganismwithahearingmechanism,includinghumanbeings.In response,heartbeatandrespirationaccelerate,bloodvesselsconstrict,theskin pales,andmusclestense.Infact,thereisageneralincreaseinfunctioning broughtaboutbythe flow ofadrenaline released in response tofear,andsome oftheseresponsespersistevenlongerthanthenoise,occasionallyaslongas thirty minutes after the sound has ceased.
Becausenoiseisunavoidableinacomplex,industrialsociety,weare constantlyrespondinginthesamewaythatwewouldrespondtodanger. Recently,researchershaveconcludedthatnoiseandourresponsemaybemuch morethananannoyance.Itmaybeaseriousthreattophysicaland psychologicalhealthandwell-being,causingdamagenotonlytotheearand brainbutalsototheheartandstomach.Wehavelongknownthathearingloss isAmerica‟snumberonenonfatalhealthproblem,butnowwearelearningthat someofuswithheartdiseaseandulcersmaybevictimsofnoiseaswell. Fetusesexposedtonoisetendtobeoveractive,theycryeasily,andtheyare moresensitivetogastrointestinalproblemsafterbirth.Inaddition,thepsychic effectofnoiseisveryimportant.Nervousness,irritability,tension,andanxiety increaseaffectingthequalityofrestduringsleep,andtheefficiencyofactivities during wakinghours, as wellas the way that we interactwith each other.
Which of the following is the author‟smain point?
Hearing loss is America‟s number one nonfatal health problem.
Loud noises signal danger.
Noise may pose a serious threat to our physical and psychological health.
The earis not like the eye.
Chọn đáp án C
Giải thích: Câu nào sau đây là ý chính tác giải muốn gửi gắm?
A. Mất thính giác là vấn đề sức khỏe nhỏ ở Mỹ.
B. Tiếng ồn lớn báo hiệu sự nguy hiểm.
C. Tiếng ồn có thể gây ra một mối đe dọa nghiêm trọng đối với sức khoẻ thể chất và tâm lý của chúng ta.
D. Tai không giống như mắt.
According to the passage, what is noise?
A byproduct of technology.
Physical and psychological harm
Congestion..
Unwanted sound.
Chọn đáp án D
Dẫn chứng: Although noise, commonly defined as unwanted sound, is a widely recognized form of pollution.
Why is noise difficult tomeasure?
All people do not respond to it in the same way
Itcauseshearing loss.
It is unwanted.
Peoplebecome accustomed to it.
Chọn đáp án A
Dẫn chứng: it is very difficult to measure because the discomfort experienced by different individuals is highly subjective and, therefore, variable.
Theword‘congested’inparagraph1couldbestbereplacedby ___.
hazardous
crowded
polluted
rushed
Chọn đáp án B
Giải thích: Từ “congested” ở đoạn 1 gần nghĩa với?
A. khó khăn B. đông đúc C. ô nhiễm D. vội vàng. congested = crowded (a): đông đúc
The word it in the first paragraph refers to ___.
the quality of life
advancing technology
the noise
physical and psychologicalharm
Chọn đáp án C
Dẫn chứng: Particularly in congested urban areas, the noise produced as a by- product of our advancing technology causes physical and psychological harm, and detracts from the quality of life for those who are exposed to it.
Accordingtothepassage,peoplerespondtoloudnoisesinthe same way that they respond to___.
annoyance
danger
damage
disease
Chọn đáp án B
Dẫn chứng: Because noise is unavoidable in a complex, industrial society, we are constantly responding in the same way that we would respond to danger.
Lookattheverbaccelerateinparagraph3.Whichofthefollowing is the closest in meaning to _____.
decrease
alter
increase
release
Chọn đáp án C
Giải thích: Từ “ accelerate” ở đoạn 3 gần nghĩa với?
A. sự kết thúc B. mọc, nhô lên C. chỗ sưng lên D. tăng
Thephrase‘aswellas’inparagraph4isclosestinmeaningto___.
after all
instead
also
regardless
Chọn đáp án C
Giải thích:
Từ “as well as” ở đoạn 4 gần nghĩa với?
A. sau tất cả B. thay vì C. cũng, và D. bất chấp as well as = also = and
It can be inferredfrom the passage thatthe eye ___.
responds to fear
enjoys greater protectionthan the ear
increases functions
is damaged by noise
Chọn đáp án B
Dẫn chứng: Unlike the eyes, which can be covered by the eyelids against strong light, the ear has no lid, and is, therefore, always open and vulnerable; noise penetrates without protection.
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
HermanMelville,anAmericanauthorbestknown todayfor hisnovel Moby Dick,wasactuallymorepopularduringhislifetimeforsomeofhisotherworks. Hetraveledextensivelyandusedtheknowledgegainedduringhistravelsas thebasisforhisearlynovels.In1837,attheageofeighteen,Melvillesigned asacabinboyonamerchantshipthatwastosailfromhisMassachusettshome toLiverpool,England.Hisexperiencesonthistripservedasabasisforthe novelRedburn(1849).In1841Melvillesetoutonawhalingshipheadedfor theSouthSeas.AfterjumpingshipinTahiti,hewanderedaroundtheislands ofTahitiandMoorea.ThisSouthSeaislandsojournwasabackdroptothe novelOmoo(1847).Afterthreeyearsawayfromhome,Melvillejoinedupwith aU.S.navalfrigatethatwasreturningtotheeasternUnitedStatesaroundCape
Horn.ThenovelWhite-Jacket(1850)describesthislengthyvoyageasanavy seaman.Withthepublicationoftheseearlyadventurenovels,Melville developedastrongandloyalfollowingamongreaderseagerforhistalesof exoticplacesandsituations.However,in1851,withthepublicationofMoby Dick,Melville'spopularitystartedtodiminish.MobyDick,ononelevelthe sagaofthehuntforthegreatwhitewhale,wasalsoaheavilysymbolicallegory oftheheroicstruggleofmanagainsttheuniverse.Thepublicwasnotreadyfor Melville'sliterarymetamorphosisfromromanticadventuretophilosophical symbolism.ItisironicthatthenovelthatservedtodiminishMelville's popularity during his lifetime is the onefor which he is best known today.
The main subject of the passage is_________.
Melville’s travels
Moby Dick
Melville’s personal background
the popularity of Melville’s novels.
Chọn đáp án D
Dẫn chứng dựa và ý đầu tiên của bài: “Herman Melville, an American author best known today for his novel Moby Dick, was actually more popular during his lifetime for some of his other works” – (Herman Melville- nhà văn người Mĩ nổi tiếng nhất hiện nay với tiểu thuyết Moby Dick, ông càng được biết tới rộng rãi hơn qua một vài tác phẩm khác trong suốt cuộc đời của mình).
Theword“basis”inparagraph1isclosestinmeaning to_________.
background
message
bottom
dissertation
Chọn đáp án A
basic = background (n): nền tảng.
Dịch: Những trải nghiệm trong chuyến đi chính là nền tảng cho sự ra đời của cuốn Redburn (1849).
According to the passage, Melville’searly novels were__________.
published while he was traveling
completelyfictional
all about his work on whaling ships
based on histravel experience
Chọn đáp án D
Dẫn chứng ở câu thứ 2 đoạn 1: “He traveled extensively and used the knowledge gained during his travels as the basis for his early novels” – (Ông đã đi chu du nhiều nơi và sử dụng những kiến thức có được từ những cuộc hành trình để làm cơ sở cho những cuốn tiểu thuyết đầu tiên).
ThepassageimpliesthatMelvillestayedinTahiti because____________.
he had unofficiallyleft his ship
he was on leave while his ship was in port
he hadfinished his termof duty
he had receivedpermission to take a vacation in Tahiti
Chọn đáp án A
Dẫn chứng ở câu thứ 4+5 đoạn 1: “In 1841 Melville set out on a whaling ship headed for the South Seas. After jumping ship in Tahiti, he wandered around the islands of Tahiti and Moorea” – ( Vào năm 1841, Melville bắt đầu chuyến hành trình trên 1 con tàu săn cái voi tiến về vùng biển phía Nam. Sau khi xuống tàu ở Tahiti, ông đã đi lang thang khắp các đảo ở Tahiti và Moorea ) ⇒ Ông không chính thức rời con tàu.
HowdidthepublicationofMobyDickaffectMelville’s popularity?
His popularity remained as strong as ever.
Itcausedhis popularity to decrease.
His popularity increased immediately.
It had no effect onhispopularity.
Chọn đáp án B
Dẫn chứng ở câu thứ 2 đoạn 2: “However, in 1851, with the publication of Moby Dick, Melville's popularity started to diminish” – ( Dù vậy, vào năm 1851, cùng với sự xuất bản của Moby Dick thì danh tiếng của Melville đã bắt đầu sụt giảm).
According to the passage, Moby Dick is__________.
symbolic of humanityfighting the universe
a single-faceted work
a short storyabout a whale
a 47 adventure
Chọn đáp án A
Dẫn chứng ở câu thứ 3 đoạn 2: “Moby Dick, on one level the saga of the hunt for the great white whale, was also a heavily symbolic allegory of the heroic struggle of man against the universe” – (Moby Dick- cuốn tiểu thuyến trường thiên kể về các cuộc săn cá voi trắng khổng lồ, đồng thời cũng là một câu chuyện ngụ ngôn mang tính biểu tượng về cuộc đấu tranh anh dũng của loài người chống lại vũ trụ).
Inwhat year didMelville’sbookabout hisexperiences as acabin boy appear?
1849
1837
1847
1841
Chọn đáp án A
Dẫn chứng ở câu thứ 3+4 đoạn 1: “In 1837, at the age of eighteen, Melville signed as a cabin boy on a merchant ship that was to sail from his Massachusetts home to Liverpool, England. His experiences on this trip served as a basis for the novel Redburn (1849)” – (Năm 1837, khi mười tám tuổi, Melville đã đăng kí vào vị trí bồi bàn trên một con tàu thương gia đi từ nhà ông ở Massachusetts tới Liverpool, Anh Quốc. Những trải nghiệm của ông trong chuyến đi này chính là cơ sở cho cuốn tiểu thuyết Redburn (1849)
Theword“metamorphosis”inparagraph2isclosestinmeaning to_________.
descent
circle
mysticism
change
Chọn đáp án D
Giải thích: metamorphosis (n) sự biến đổi = change: thay đổi.
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Thehandlinganddeliveryofmailhasalwaysbeenaseriousbusiness, underpinnedbythetrustofthepublicinrequiringtimeliness,safety,and confidentiality.Afterearlybeginningsusinghorsebackandstagecoach,and althoughcarsandtruckslaterreplacedstagecoachesandwagons,theRailway MailServicestillstandsasoneofAmerica’smostresourcefulandexciting postalinnovations. Thisservicebegan in1832, but grew slowlyuntilthe Civil War.Thenfrom1862,bysortingthemailonboardmovingtrains,thePost OfficeDepartmentwasabletodecentralizeitsoperationsasrailroadsbegan to crisscrossthenationonaregularbasis,andspeedupmaildelivery.Thisservice lasteduntil1974.Duringpeakdecadesofservice,railwaymailclerkshandled 93%of allnon-localmailandby1905theservicehad over12,000employees.
RailwayPostOfficetrainsusedasystemofmailcranestoexchangemailat stationswithoutstopping.Asatrainapproachedthecrane,aclerkpreparedthe catcherarmwhichwouldthensnatchtheincomingmailbagintheblinkofan
eye.Theclerkthenbootedouttheoutgoingmailbag.Experiencedclerkswere consideredtheeliteofthePostalService’semployees,andspokewithprideof makingtheswitchatnightwithnothingbutthecurvesandfeelofthetrackto warnthemofanupcomingcatch.Theyalsoworkedunderthegreatestpressure andtheirjobswereconsideredtobeexhaustinganddangerous.Inadditionto regulardemandsoftheirjobstheycouldfindthemselvesthevictimsoftrain wrecks and robberies.
Assuccessfulasitwas,“mail-on-the-fly”stillhaditsshareofglitches.Ifthey hoistedthetrain’scatcherarmtoosoon,theyriskedhittingswitchtargets, telegraphpolesorsemaphores,whichwouldripthecatcherarmoffthetrain. Too late, andthey would miss an exchange.
Which of the following can be inferredfromthe first paragraph?
There was a highturnoverof railway mailclerks.
Thedevelopmentofthemailroadsduringthesecondhalfofthe19thcentury enabled Post Office Department tofocuson timeliness.
ThePostOfficeDepartmentwasmoreconcernedaboutspeedingupmail delivery than the safety of its clerks.
Mail was often lost or damaged as it was exchanged on the mail crane.
Chọn đáp án B
Dẫn chứng ở câu thứ 4 đoạn 1: “Then from 1862, by sorting the mail on board moving trains, the Post Office Department was able to decentralize its operations as railroads began to crisscross the nation on a regular basis, and speed up mail delivery” – ( Sau đó từ năm 1862, bằng việc phân loại thư trên tàu đang di chuyển, Cục Bưu chính đã có thể phân nhánh quá trình hoạt động ngay khi đường xe lửa bắt đầu rẽ nhánh tới nhiều quốc gia theo thông lệ đều đặn, và làm tăng tốc độ chuyển phát thư).
Theword“elite”inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaning to___________.
majority
superior
more capable
leader
Chọn đáp án B
elite (adj): ưu tú = superior (adj): nổi trội, giỏi hơn
What does the passage mainly discuss?
How the mail cranes exchanged the mail.
Improvementsin mail handling and delivery.
HowPost Office Trains handled the mail without stopping.
The skills of experienced clerks.
Chọn đáp án B
+ Đoạn 1: Sự phát triển của đường xe lửa làm cho việc chuyển phát thư được diễn ra nhanh hơn.
+ Đoạn 2: Việc trao đổi thư để chuyển phát được diễn ra nhanh chóng.
⇒ Cải tiến trong việc xử lí và chuyển phát thư.
Accordingtothepassage,theRailwayMailServicecommenced in_________.
1874
1842
1832
1905
Chọn đáp án C
Dẫn chứng ở câu thứ 3 đoạn 1: “…, the Railway Mail Service still stands as one of America’s most resourceful and exciting postal innovations. This service began in 1832”- ( Dịch vụ thư tín đường sắt vẫn đứng vững như 1 trong những
cách tân sáng tạo và gây hứng thú nhất nước Mĩ. Dịch vụ này được bắt đầu vào năm 1832).
Theword“glitches”inthethirdparagraphcanbereplaced by________.
accidents
blames
advantages
problems
Chọn đáp án D
glitches (n): sự cố, trục trặc = problems: có vấn đề.
Which of the following is TRUE according to thepassage?
Theclerkbootedouttheoutgoingmailbagbeforesnatchingtheincoming bag.
Clerks couldn’t often see what they were doing.
TheRailwayMailclerk’sjobwasconsideredelitebecauseitwassafeand exciting.
Despitetheirsuccess,railwaymailclerksonlyhandledasmallproportion of all non-local mail.
Chọn đáp án C
Dẫn chứng ở câu thứ 4 đoạn 2: “Experienced clerks were considered the elite of the Postal Service’s employees, and spoke with pride of making the switch at night with nothing but the curves and feel of the track to warn them of an upcoming catch” – (Các nhân viên giàu kinh nghiệm được xem là tầng lớp ưu tú của Dịch vụ Bưu điện, và được nhắc tới với niềm tự hào trong việc trao đổi thư vào ban đêm không có gì ngoài những khúc quanh và cảm giác cảnh giác cao độ chờ đợi đợt bắt thư sắp tới)
Thepublicexpectsthefollowingthreeservicesinhandlingand delivery of mail except ______.
safety
accuracy
confidentiality
timeliness
Chọn đáp án B
Dẫn chứng ngay câu đầu tiên: “The handling and delivery of mail has always been a serious business, underpinned by the trust of the public in requiring timeliness, safety, and confidentiality” – (Việc xử lí và chuyển phát thư luôn là một công việc đòi hỏi tính nghiêm túc, được củng cố bởi lòng tin của công chúng trên yêu cầu về tính đúng hạn, tính an toàn và tính bảo mật)
⇒ Từ đó loại ra đáp án B không được đề cập tới.
