(Viên chức Mầm non) 650 câu trắc nghiệm Đọc hiểu tiếng Anh có đáp án - Phần 18
29 câu hỏi
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
ThelackofprintingregulationsandtheunenforceabilityofBritishcopyright lawintheAmericancoloniesmadeitpossibleforcolonialprintersoccasionally toactaspublishers.Althoughtheyrarelyundertookmajorsjpublishingproject becauseitwasdifficulttosellbooksascheaplyastheycouldbeimportedfrom Europeprinters9inPhiladelphiadidpublishworkthatrequiredonlysmall amountsofcapital,paper,andtype.Broadsidescouldbepublishedwith minimalfinancialrisk.Consistingofonlyonesheetofpaperandrequiring smallamountsoftypebroadsidesinvolvedlowerinvestmentsofcapitalthan longer works. Furthermore, thebroadside format lent itself to subjects of high, iftemporary,interest,enablingthemtomeetwithreadysale.Ifthebroadside printermiscalculated,however,andproducedasheetthatdidnotsell,itwas notlikelytobeamajorlossandtheprinterwouldknowthisimmediately,There wouldbenoagonizingwaitwithlargeamountsofcapitaltiedupbooks gathering dust on theshelves, and creditors impatient for payment.
Inadditiontobroadsides,booksandpamphlets,consistingmainlyofpolitical tracts,catechisms,primers,andchapbookswererelativelyinexpensivetoprint andtobuy.Chapbookwerepamphlet-sizedbooks,usuallycontainingpopular tales, ballads, poems, shortplays, andjokes, small, both in formal and number ofpages,theyweregenerallyboundsimply,inboards(aformofcardboard)or merelystitchedinpaperwrappers(asewnantecedentofmodernday paperbacks).Pamphletsandchapbooksdidnotrequirefinepaperoragreat dealoftypetoproducetheycouldthusbeprintedinlarge,cost-effective editions and sold cheaply.
Byfar,themostappealingpublishinginvestmentsweretobefoundinsmall booksthathadproventobesteadysellers,providingareasonablyreliable sourceofincomeforthepublisher.Theywouldnot,bynature,behighlytopical orpolitical,assuchpublicationswouldproveoffleetinginterest.Almanacs, annualpublicationsthatcontainedinformationonastronomyandweather patternsarrangedaccordingtothedays,week,andmonthsofagivenyear, providedtheperfectsteadysellerbecausetheirinformationpertainedtothe locale in which theywould be used.
Whichaspectofcolonialprintingdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?
Laws governing the printing industry.
Competition among printers
Types of publications produced
Advances in printing technology
Chọn đáp án C
Chỉ có đáp án C là hợp lí vì chủ đề này được đề cập xuyên suốt đoạn văn, các đáp án còn lại đều không thích hợp.
Accordingtothepassage,whydidcolonialprintersavoidmajor publishing projects?
Fewcolonialprintersownedprintingmachinerythatwaslargeenoughto handle major projects.
There was inadequate shippingavailable in the colonies.
Colonial printers could not sell their work for a competitive price.
Colonialprintersdidnothavetheskillsnecessarytoundertakelarge publishing projects.
Chọn đáp án C
Clue: “...they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe” :...họ hiếm khi nhận những dự án xuất bản lớn bởi sẽ rất khỏ đề bán được sách rẻ như khi nhập về từ Châu Âu.
Broadsidescouldbspublishedwithlittlerisktocolonialprinters because they
required a small financial investment and sold quickly
were in great demand inEuropean markets
were more popular with colonists thanchapbooksand pamphlets
generally dealt with topics of long-term interestto many colonists
Chọn đáp án A
Clue: “broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works... enabling them to meet with ready sale” Chọn A. required a small financial investment and sold quickly; chỉ cần khoản đầu tư tài chỉnh nhỏ và bán rất nhanh.
The word "they" refers to
chapbooks
tales
jokes
pages
Chọn đáp án A
Clue: “Chapbooks were pamphlet-sized books..., they were generally bound simply” Sách bỏ túi là những cuôn sách có kích thước nhỏ..., chúng thường được gói bọc đơn giản.
The word "appealing"is closest inmeaning to
dependable
respectable
enduring
attractive
Chọn đáp án D
Appealing (a) (thu hút, độc đáo) = attractive
What were "steady sellers"?
Printers whose incomes werequite large
People who traveled from town to town selling Books and pamphlets
Investorswho provided reliable financial Support for new printers
Publications whosesales were usually consistent from year to year
Chọn đáp án D
Clue: “...steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher” những ấn phẩm bán ổn định, chúng cung cấp một nguồn thu nhập hợp lí và đáng tin cậy cho các nhà xuất bản.
All ofthe following are defined inthe passage EXCEPT
"Broadsides"
"catechisms"
"chapbooks"
" Almanacs"
Chọn đáp án B
Clue:
+ “Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides.. - Chọn đáp án A.
+ “Chapbooks were pamphlet-sized books...” - Chọn đáp án C.
+ “Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns...” - Chọn đáp án D.
Như vậy chỉ có đáp án B không được định nghĩa trong bài.
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
Dodderisanunusualandunwantedplantthatattacksotherplants.Exceptfor itsflowers,theplantlookslikespaghettinoodles.Itsalmostleafless,thread– likestemshangdownatopotherplantsthatdodderneedstostayalive.Dodder doesnotproduceitsownfood.Instead,itstealsitfromotherplants.Itfeedsby suckingjuicesfromtheplantitiswrappedaround,oftenmakingitshostvery weakorevenkillingit.Doddercanfindotherplantsbytheirsmell.Whena dodderseedlingstartsgrowing,itfollowsthescentofplantsitprefers,like tomato plants, potato plants, or other farm crops.
Unlikemostplantsthatusuallygrowinthedirectionoflightorwarmth,a dodderplantwillgrowinthedirectionof,forexample,tomatoodor––ifa tomatohappenstobegrowingnearby.However,ayoungdodderplantmust findahostplantquickly.Ifitcannotcatchawhiffofapotentialhostwithina fewdays,itwilldryupanddisappear—evenifthereisplentyofwateraround. Onceitfindsahost,theyoungdodderplantwillattachitselftoitandstart growing faster. At that point, the dodder plant will drop its root.
Dodderisthusadifficultweedtomanageandarealheadacheforfarmers. Whenitdoesgetoutofhand,doddercangreatlyreduceafarmer’sharvestor evendestroycropscompletely.Beforesowingtheirproduce,farmersinwarm partsoftheworldoftenchecktomakesurenounwanteddodderseedshave intermingledwiththeircropseeds.Thisisagoodwaytostopdodderplants from sneaking their way into a crop field.
What is the main topic of the passage?
A new varietyof farm crop
Plants that are harmful to humans
Recentimprovementsinfarmingmethods
Thespecialabilitiesofa dangerous plant
Chọn đáp án D
Giải thích: Xuyên suốt bài, tác giả trình bày về đặc điểm sống đặc biệt của loài cây tơ hồng
Why does the author mention spaghetti?
To analyze the content of somefood
To describe the shape of a dodder plant
To explain where the dodder plant came from
To argue that dodder plants can be used to make food
Chọn đáp án B
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “Except for its flowers, the plant looks like spaghetti noodles.”: Trừ hoa của nó, cây trông giống như sợi mì ống.
The word it refers to _________.
Host
Food
plant
dodder
Chọn đáp án B
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “Dodder does not produce its own food. Instead, it steals it from other plants.”: Cây tơ hồng không sản xuất thứ ăn của riêng mình. Thay vào đó, nó trộm thức ăn từ những cây khác.
What causes dodder to grow in a particular direction?
Light
Water
Odor
Temperature
Chọn đáp án C
Thông tin nằm ở: “Unlike most plants that usually grow in the direction of light or warmth, a dodder plant will grow in the direction of, for example, tomato odor”: Không giống như hầu hết các cây thường phát triển theo hướng ánh sáng hoặc hơi ấm, một cây tơ hồng sẽ phát triển theo hướng, ví dụ như mùi cà chua
The expression catch a whiff is closest inmeaning to
Eattheseeds
findthelocation
noticethesmell
determinethe size
Chọn đáp án C
Thông tin nằm ở: “f it cannot catch a whiff of a potential host within a few days”: Nếu nó không thể bắt mùi của một cây chủ tiềm năng trong vòng vài ngày
What will happenif adodderplantstartsgrowingwherethereare no other plants around?
Itwill soon die
Itwill grow deeper roots.
Itwill attract other plants
Itwill cover the entire area of soil
Chọn đáp án A
Thông tin nằm ở: “If it cannot catch a whiff of a potential host within a few days, it will dry up and disappear”: Nếu nó không thể bắt mùi của một cây chủ tiềm năng trong vòng vài ngày, nó sẽ khô và biến mất.
The expression get out of hand is closest inmeaning to
Dry up and die
change its color
become hard to find
grow uncontrollably
Chọn đáp án D
Thông tin nằm ở: “When it does get out of hand, dodder can greatly reduce a farmer’s harvest or even destroy crops completely.”: Khi nó nằm ngoài tầm kiểm soát, cây tơ hồng có thể làm giảm đáng kể thu hoạch của nông dân hoặc thậm chí phá hoại cây trồng hoàn toàn.
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.
MickeyMantlewasoneofthegreatestbaseballplayersofalltime.Heplayed fortheNewYorkYankeesintheiryearsofglory.FromthetimeMantlebegan toplayprofessionallyin1951tohislastyearin1968,baseballwasthemost populargameintheUnitedStates.Formanypeople,Mantlesymbolizedthe hope, prosperity, and confidence ofAmerica at that time.Mantlewasafastandpowerfulplayer,a“switch-hitter”whocouldbatboth right-handedandlefthanded.Hewongameaftergame,oneWorldSeries championshipafteranother,forhisteam.Hewasawonderfulathlete,butthis alone cannot explain America’s fascination withhim.
Perhapsitwasbecausehewasahandsome,red-hairedcountryboy,theson ofapoorminerfromOklahoma.Hiscareer,fromtheleadminesoftheWestto theheightsofsuccessandfame,wasafairy-taleversionoftheAmerican dream.OrperhapsitwasbecauseAmericaalwayslovesa“natural”:aperson whowinswithoutseemingtotry,whosetalentappearstocomefromaninner grace. That was Mickey Mantle.
Butlikemanycelebrities,MickeyMantlehadaprivatelifethatwasfullof problems.Heplayedwithoutcomplaintdespiteconstantpainfrominjuries.He livedtofulfillhisfather’sdreamsanddranktoforgethisfather’searlydeath. It was a terrible addiction that finallydestroyed his body. It gave him cirrhosis oftheliverandacceleratedtheadvanceoflivercancer.EvenwhenMickey Mantlehadturnedawayfromhisoldlifeandwarnedyoungpeoplenotto followhisexample,thedestructiveprocesscouldnotbestopped.Despitea livertransplantoperationthathadallthosewholovedandadmiredhimhoping for a recovery, Mickey Mantle died ofcancer at the age of 63.
What is the main idea of the passage?
Mickey Mantleas the greatest baseball player of all time.
Mickey Mantle’ssuccess and private life full of problems.
Mickey Mantleand his career as a baseball player.
Mickey Mantleand the history of baseball.
Chọn đáp án B
Nội dung chính của bài đọc là gì?
A.Mickey Mantle là người chơi bóng chày xuất sắc nhất mọi thời đại
B. Thành công của Mickey Mantle và đời tư của ông đầy những rắc rối.
C. Mickey Mantle và sự nghiệp của ông như một vận động viên bóng chày.
D. Mickey Mantle và lịch sử bóng chày
According to the passage, Mantle could ______.
hit the ball to score from a long distance.
bat better with his left hand than with his right hand.
hit withthe bat on either side of his body.
give the most powerful hitin his team.
Chọn đáp án C
Dẫn chứng: Mantle was a fast and powerful player, a “switch-hitter” who could bat both right-handed and left-handed. He won game after game, one World Series championship after another, for his team. He was a wonderful athlete, but this alone cannot explain America’s fascination with him.
The word “this” asused in paragraph 2 refers to ___________.
Mantle’s beinga fast and powerful player
Mantle’s being a wonderful athlete
Mantle’s being fascinated by many people
Mantle’s beinga “switch-hitter”
Chọn đáp án B
Dẫn chứng: Mantle was a fast and powerful player, a “switch-hitter” who could bat both right-handed and left-handed. He won game after game, one World Series championship after another, for his team. He was a wonderful athlete, but this alone cannot explain America’s fascination with him
The author uses the word “But” in paragraph 4 to ______.
change the topic of the passage
give an argument in favor of Mantle’s success and fame
explain how Mantle got into trouble
give an example of thetrouble in Mantle’s privatelife
Chọn đáp án A
Tác giả dùng từ “but” ở đoạn văn 4 để.... A.thay đổi chủ đề của bài đọc.
B. đưa ra tranh luận ủng hộ cho thành công và danh tiếng của Mantle.
C. giải thích Mantel đã gặp rắc rối như thế nào.
D. nêu ví dụ về vấn đề đời tư của Mantle
Theword“accelerated”inparagraph5isclosestinmeaningto ______.
worsened
bettered
delayed
quickened
Chọn đáp án D
Accelerated = Quickened: nhanh chóng
Wecanseefromparagraph5thatafterhisfather’sdeath,Mantle ______.
played even better
led a happier life
forgot his father’s dream
suffered a lot ofpain
Chọn đáp án D
Dẫn chứng: He lived to fulfill his father’s dreams and drank to forget his father’s early death.
Whichofthefollowingismentionedasthemaincauseofthe destruction of Mantle’s body?
His loneliness
His way of life
His livertransplant operation
His own dream
Chọn đáp án B
Dẫn chứng: It was a terrible addiction that finally destroyed his body. It gave him cirrhosis of the liver and accelerated the advance of liver cancer. Even when Mickey Mantle had turned away from his old life and warned young people not to follow his example, the destructive process could not be stopped.
ReadthefollowingpassageandmarktheletterA,B, C,orD onyouranswersheettoindicatethecorrectanswertoeachofthe questions.Humanshavestruggledagainstweedssincethebeginningsofagriculture. Marringourgardensisoneofthemildereffectsofweeds-anyplantsthatthrive wheretheyareunwanted.Theyclogwaterways,destroywildlifehabitats,and impedefarming.Theirspreadeliminatesgrazingareasandaccountsforone-thirdofallcroploss.Theycompeteforsunlight,nutrients,andwaterwith useful plants.
Theglobalneedforweedcontrolhadbeenansweredmainlybythechemical industry.Itsherbicidesareeffectiveandsometimesnecessary,butsomepose seriousproblems, particularlyif misused.
Toxiccompoundsthreatenanimalandpublichealthwhentheyaccumulatein foodplants,groundwater,anddrinkingwater.Theyalsoharmworkerswho apply them.
Inrecentyears,thechemicalindustryhasintroducedseveralherbicidesthat aremoreecologicallysound.Yetnewchemicalsalonecannotsolvetheworld's weedproblems.Hence,scientistsareexploringtheinnateweed-killingpowers oflivingorganisms,primarilyinsectsandmicroorganisms.Thebiological agentsnowinuseareenvironmentallybenignandareharmlesstohumans. Theycanbechosenfortheirabilitytoattackselectedtargetsandleavecrops andotherplantsuntouched.Incontrast,someofthemosteffectivechemicals killvirtuallyalltheplantstheycomeincontactwith,sparingonlythosethat arenaturallyresistantorhavebeengeneticallymodifiedforresistance. Furthermore,anumberofbiologicalagentscanbeadministeredonlyonce, afterwhichnoaddedapplicationsareneeded.Chemicalstypicallymustbeused several times per growing season.
Withwhat topic does this passage primarily deal?
The importance of the chemical industry.
The dangers of toxic chemicals.
A proposal to ban the use of all herbicides
Advantages of biological agents overchemical ones.
Chọn đáp án D
Bài đọc chủ yếu thảo luận về chủ đề gì?
A. tầm quan trọng của ngành công nghiệp hóa chất
B. mối nguy hiểm của những hóa chất độc hại
C. sự đề xuất cấm sử dụng thuốc diệt cỏ
D. những lợi thế của hóa chất sinh học so với chất hóa học
Theword"Marring"inparagraph1isclosestinmeaningto _______________.
spoiling
planting
dividing
replacing
Chọn đáp án A
Marring = spoiling: phá hủy
Whichofthefollowingtermsdoestheauthordefineinthefirst paragraph?
weeds
nutrients
wildlife habitats
grazing area
Chọn đáp án A
Dẫn chứng: Marring our gardens is one of the milder effects of weeds - any plants that thrive where they are unwanted.
Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheuseofchemical agents as herbicides would the author most likely agree?
It is safe but inefficient.
It should be increased.
It is occasionallyrequired.
It has become more dangerous recently.
Chọn đáp án B
Dẫn chứng: The global need for weed control had been answered mainly by the chemical industry. Its herbicides are effective and sometimes necessary ….
WhichofthefollowingisNOTgivenasanadvantageofusing biological agentsover chemical herbicides?
They are safer for workers.
They are less likelytodestroy desirable plants.
They are more easilyavailable.
They do nothave to be used as often.
Chọn đáp án C
Dẫn chứng: The biological agents now in use are environmentally benign and are harmless to humans. They can be chosen for their ability to attack selected targets and leave crops and other plants untouched. In contrast, some of the most effective chemicals kill virtually all the plants they come in contact with, sparing only those that are naturally resistant or have been genetically modified for resistance. Furthermore, a number of biological agents can be administered only once, after which no added applications are needed. Chemicals typically must be used several times per growing season.
Theword"innate"inparagraph3isclosestinmeaningto __________.
effective
organic
natural
active
Chọn đáp án C
Innate = Natural: thuộc về thiên nhiên, tự nhiên
Accordingtothepassage,biologicalagentsmainlyconsistof ____________.
herbicides
useful plants
weeds
insects andmicroorganisms
Chọn đáp án D
Dẫn chứng: Hence, scientists are exploring the innate weed-killing powers of living organisms, primarily insects and microorganisms.
Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthe passage?
A general idea is introduced and several specificexamplesare given.
Two possible causes of aphenomenon are compared.
A problem is described and possible solutions are discussed.
A recommendation is analyzed and rejected.
Chọn đáp án A
Câu nào sau đây mô tả đúng nhất về cấu trúc của bài đọc?
A. Một ý chung được đưa ra và những ví dụ cụ thể được nêu lên sau đó.
B. Hai nguyên nhân có thể của hiện tượng được so sánh.
C. Một vấn đề được mô tả và những giải pháp được thảo luận.
D. Một lời đề nghị được phân tích và bác bỏ.
