Topic 5: Experiences

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Naval architects never claim that a ship is unsinkable, but the sinking of the passenger-and-car ferry Estonia in the Baltic surely (1) ____ have never happened. It was well designed and carefully maintained. It carried the proper number of lifeboats. It had been (2) ____ inspected the day of its fatal voyage. Yet hours later, the Estonia rolled over and sank in a cold, stormy night. It went down so quickly that most of those on board, caught in their dark, flooding cabins, had no chance to save themselves: Of those who (3) ____ scramble overboard, only 139 survived. The rest died of hypothermia before the rescuers could pluck them from the cold sea. The final death (4) ____ amounted to 912 souls. However, there were an unpleasant number of questions about why the Estonia sank and why so many (5) ____ were men in the prime of life, while most of the dead were women, children and the elderly.

Naval architects never claim that a ship is unsinkable, but the sinking of the passenger-and-car ferry Estonia in the Baltic surely (1) ____ have never happened.

It had been (2) ____ inspected the day of its fatal voyage.

It went down so quickly that most of those on board, caught in their dark, flooding cabins, had no chance to save themselves: Of those who (3) ____ scramble overboard, only 139 survived.

The final death (4) ____ amounted to 912 souls.

However, there were an unpleasant number of questions about why the Estonia sank and why so many (5) ____ were men in the prime of life, while most of the dead were women, children and the elderly.

By Celsi’s account, Alison has changed her mind a dozen times. Now she was utterly torn. She wanted to (1)_________ her lifelong dream of climbing to K2, adding it to Everest to become the only British woman (2)______the world’s two highest summits. And she (3) _______wanted to be back with her children, Tom, six and Kate, four.

But early in that morning, while having a light English breakfast, Alison reopened that burning question once again, (4)__________endless cups of coffee with Celsi as she turned it over and over in her mind. “It was a very emotional thing for her,” says Celsi. “She really went through a lot of things, filling for divorce, raising the kids all by herself and changing a lot of jobs”. Finally, just 15 minutes before the porter was due to depart, she (5) ______ Celsi she had decided to stay, reasoning that, since she had been away for so long, one more week wouldn’t matter. “She said it was logical to give the weather a chance to clear.”

She wanted to (1)_________ her lifelong dream of climbing to K2,

adding it to Everest to become the only British woman (2)______the world’s two highest summits.

And she (3) _______wanted to be back with her children, Tom, six and Kate, four.

But early in that morning, while having a light English breakfast, Alison reopened that burning question once again, (4)__________endless cups of coffee with Celsi as she turned it over and over in her mind.

Finally, just 15 minutes before the porter was due to depart, she (5) ______ Celsi she had decided to stay, reasoning that, since she had been away for so long, one more week wouldn’t matter.

Adharanand Finn is a British journalist and a keen runner. Recently, he did the Fluorspar run in Kenya with a group of top Kenyan athletes. Here is the story he told the press after the event.

The route of the Fluorspar run is exactly 21 km long and is uphill from start to finish. When I arrived at the start of the run at the bottom of the hill, the morning sun was up, and it was already hot. The ten athletes and I stood together for a group photograph and then immediately started our run up to the top. Most of the athletes who live in this part of Kenya have done it at least once. After about five minutes, I was already starting to fall behind other runners. I’ve never been that good at hill climbing, so I always knew I’d find it thorny.

‘Sure and steady,’ I told myself as I ran along, avoiding the biggest stones and trying to take the shortest line up the hill. But whenever I looked up, the others were further ahead, until soon they disappeared completely. At first I felt fine, but towards the end I began to feel a bit weak and strange. I don’t know now if I was imagining things but the people I passed, who were travelling down the road, seemed to be laughing at me. Finally, I reached the top. The rest of the runners were sitting on the grass, drinking lemonade and eating peanuts and boiled eggs.

It took me one hour and fifty eight minutes, which is not bad at all. The others told me kindly that anyone who can run it in under two hours is very strong. They completed it much faster, in around one hour 30 minutes. I honestly have no idea how they do it.

In the first paragraph, we learn that the writer _____ .

What does the writer say about the last part of the run?

The word "thorny" in the passage is closest in meaning to _____.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

What is the writer doing in this text?

College is a new and different experience for me. I’m away from home, so I have many things to adjust to. Being on my own, talking with friendly people, and having Fridays off - these are just some things I like about college.

Living at college, first of all, gives me a sense of responsibility, of being on my own. My parents are not around to say, “No, you’re not going out tonight.” Or “Did you finish your homework?” Everything I do has to be my decision, and that gives me the responsibility of handling my own life. During the second week I was at college, I had to go out and look for a bank where I could open an account. Before that I looked in the phone book since I had no clue about any banks around here or where they were located. Someone told me to go to a bank named Continental Federal Savings. And I had to make my own decision - whether to have a checking or saving account and whether or not to get a card. I’m on my own to make my own decisions.

I also love to have Fridays off. I wouldn’t be able to deal with five days of classes in a row. I love to sleep in. One Thursday night, my roommates and I went to Georgetown. We got in rather early the next morning, and my roommates and I decided to sleep in, something I couldn’t do in high school.

I do like things about college - being on my own and having Fridays off, but this doesn’t mean I don’t think about things at home. Although I like college, I can still get homesick: New York is a pretty good place, too.

(Source: http://readingfaster.com)

What is the passage mainly about?

All of the following are mentioned to show the author’s likes of college EXCEPT .

The example of going to a bank in paragraph 2 shows the author .

The phrase “had no clue” in paragraph 2 mostly means .

The author of the passage seems to be proud of___ .

If you want to spend your time effectively, you can try the following tips.

First, make a to-do list every day. Put the most important tasks at the top, even if they’re things you’re dreading, and tackle them first. Include things you want to do on your list too, so you have items you’re looking forward to. Try motivating yourself with a reward if you get to everything on your list.

Once you know what you need to do, keep your work with you. That way, if you find yourself with extra time – while in the train or bus or waiting for an appointment – you can get something done.

Additionally, don’t be afraid to say no. It’s OK to say no if your friend asks you to go to a movie one night but you have a test the next morning. Instead, find a time that works for both of you and go to see the movie then.

Managing your time also includes finding you productive time. Are you a morning person or a night person? You’ll be more efficient of you work when you’re at your best.

Last but not least, create a dedicated study time. Set up a time devoted only to studying or homework. Shut off you phone and respond to calls or texts when your work is finished. Don’t check email or surf the web (except when you need to for the work you’re doing) during this time either.

(http://bigfuture.collegeboard.otg/get-started/inside-the-classroom/8-ways-to-take-control-of-your-time)

You should organize a to-do list in the order of _________________.

Which of the following best replaces the word “extra”?

According to the passage, dating with friends also means ___________________.

You should set your time for studying when you are _________________.

What is NOT mentioned as an activity to avoid during study time?

Practical experience is a must-have for today’s job seekers. According to Brazen Life’s Huffington Post article titled “Why Gaining Work Experience Is More Important Than Your Education,” many colleges and universities report that students who have completed an internship or gained work experience during their studies have higher rates of getting hired. For example, at Iowa State University, of all students who completed a co-op program to earn a BS in engineering, an astounding 90 percent got jobs after graduation. Why is practical experience so important? There are a number of reasons why you need practical work experience.

First, it’s simply the smart thing to do when you’re preparing for a career in a specific field. Let’s say it’s your dream to work as a consultant for an international corporate relocation company because you love international travel and you like organizing things. So you get a part-time job working as an office assistant at a corporate relocation company… and you find out it’s very different from what you expected. In short, you realize this isn’t the job for you-and you can concentrate on finding another job where you can put your passion and skills to work, for example in the tourism industry. Alternatively, you might find out that you enjoy the corporate relocation business. That means you’re gaining invaluable industry experience that will look great on your resumé when you apply for a full-time job.

Second, practical work experience teaches valuable soft skills, such as discipline, perseverance, teamwork, leadership skills, communication skills and problem solving. Employers will look for these in candidates and they’ll want to see proof. If you’ve spent a month as a team leader at Homes for Heroes, the leadership skills, teamwork experience and problem-solving abilities you developed there can add significant value to your candidacy. Third, working helps you build your network and can provide you with contacts in your chosen field. These contacts can be extremely useful when it comes to hearing about job leads and interesting opportunities. In addition, if you’ve impressed someone, he or she might be willing to write you a letter of recommendation for a job or a place in a graduate program.

Finally, the company you’re working for might offer you a position after you’ve graduated. Your employer already knows your skills and abilities, and you’re already acquainted with the company-so it’s a win-win situation!

(source: https://www.kellyservices.ca/ca/)

Which best serves as the title for the passage?

The word “must-have” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.

According to paragraph 2, what is the outcome for when you have finished an early working experience?

The word “they” in paragraph 3 refers to _____.

According to paragraph 3, what is NOT mentioned as one of the qualities expected from the employees?

Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the passage?

The word “acquainted” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _______.

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

Many of us experience multiple queues on an average day. If the move quickly, they’re soon forgotten. But a slow line can be extremely annoying. What separated a good queuing experience from a bad one, however, is not just the speed of the line. In fact, how the wait makes us feel can have a greater impact on our perception of a queues than how much time we spend in it.

To understand how, consider the story of an airport getting complaints for the long waits at the baggage carousel. After trying fruitlessly to make baggage delivery faster, the airport simple moved the arrival gates outside of the main terminal, making people walk six times longer. Time was spent walking instead of waiting around and complaints dropped to almost zero as a result. A similar example can be observed during the postwar boom in high rise buildings in many elevator halls, where mirrors are installed to give people a chance to adjust their clothes and make sure that they look great, which distracts them from the long wait for their elevator.

For many people, the golden standard of line design and management can be found in theme parks, where waiting lines are such as integral part that companies are not afraid to invest. Some of the tricks theme parks use to make waits more bearable are hiding the line behind corners or walls to make it appear shorter and inflating the waiting times announced at each attraction. If the sign says the wait is an hour, often it will actually be more like 45 minutes, which will make people feel like they’re 15 minutes ahead of schedule. At Disneyland, designers and engineers also add games and other activities in order to give guests plenty to do, which keeps them from measuring the passage of time. According to Larson, Disney lines are so entertaining that on rainy days, when attendance is low, rides in the parks may fill up too slowly because families linger in the queue for too long.

Clever line design can also be found in supermarkets. Multiple parallel lines, each in front of a checkout, can be great if you’re in a fast one, but can feel very unfair if you’re stuck in a slow one. That’s why businesses are increasingly switching to the serpentine line, in which all customers are funneled into a single queue and then sent to the first available checkout. Compared to parallel lines, the serpentine triumphs in the key department of fairness: it’s strictly first come, first served, so no one arriving after you can be served before you.

The word “fruitlessly” in paragraph 2 is closet in meaning to _______________.

Which of the following is TRUE, according to paragraph 2?

What can be inferred from the passage?

According to the passage, all of the following are mentioned as strategies used at theme parks to make line waits less unpleasant EXCEPT ____________________.

The word “them” in paragraph 3 refers to ____________________.

Based on paragraph 4, which of the following is TRUE about the serpentine line?

The word “linger” in paragraph 3 can be best replaced by ____________________.

Which of the following best serves as a title for the passage?