50 câu hỏi
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 7.
Birds that feed in flocks commonly retire together into roosts. The reasons for roosting communally are not always obvious, but there are some likely benefits. In winter especially, it is important for birds to keep warm at night and conserve precious food reserves. One way to do this is to find a sheltered roost. Solitary roosters shelter in dense vegetation or enter a cavity – horned larks dig holes in the ground and ptarmigan burrow into snow banks - but the effect of sheltering is magnified by several birds huddling together in the roosts, as wrens, swifts, brown creepers, bluebirds, and anis do. Body contact reduces the surface area exposed to the cold air, so the birds keep each other warm. Two kinglets huddling together were found to reduce their heat losses by a quarter, and three together saved a third of their heat.
The second possible benefit of communal roosts is that they act as “information centers”. During the day, parties of birds will have spread out to forage over a very large area. When they return in the evening some will have fed well, but others may have found little to eat. Some investigators have observed that when the birds set out again next morning, those birds that did not feed well on the previous day appear to follow those that did. The behavior of common and lesser kestrels may illustrate different feeding behaviors of similar birds with different roosting habits. The common kestrel hunts vertebrate animals in a small, familiar hunting ground, whereas the very similar lesser kestrel feeds on insects over a large area. The common kestrel roosts and hunts alone, but the lesser kestrel roosts and hunts in flocks, possibly so one bird can learn from others where to find insect swarms.
Finally, there is safety in numbers at communal roosts since there will always be a few birds awake at any given moment to give the alarm. But this increased protection is partially counteracted by the fact that mass roosts attract predators and are especially vulnerable if they are on the ground. Even those in trees can be attacked by birds of prey. The birds on the edge are at greatest risk since predators find it easier to catch small birds perching at the margins of the roost.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
Why some species of birds nest together.
How birds find and store food.
How birds maintain body heat in the winter.
Why birds need to establish territory.
The word "conserve" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.
share
locate
watch
retain
The author mentions kinglets in paragraph 1 as an example of birds that ________.
protect themselves by nesting in holes
usually feed and nest in pairs also
nest with other species of birds
nest together for warmth
The word "communal” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
personal
sociable
individual
shared
Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?
The common kestrel nests in trees; the lesser kestrel nests on the ground.
The common kestrel nests in larger flocks than does the lesser kestrel.
The lesser kestrel and the common kestrel have similar diets.
The lesser kestrel feeds sociably but the common kestrel does not.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as an advantage derived by birds that huddle together while sleeping?
Some birds in the flock function as information centers for others who are looking for food.
Some members of the flock warn others of impending dangers.
Several members of the flock care for the young.
Staying together provides a greater amount of heat for the whole flock.
The word “they” refers to ________.
a few birds
mass roosts
trees
predators
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 8 to 12.
Different cultures follow their own special customs when a child's baby teeth fall out. In Korea, for example, they have the custom of throwing lost teeth up on the roof of a house. According to tradition, a magpie will come and take the tooth. Later, the magpie will return with a new tooth for the child. In other Asian countries, such as Japan and Vietnam, children follow a similar tradition of throwing their lost teeth onto the roofs of houses. Birds aren't the only animals thought to take lost teeth. In Mexico and Spain, tradition says a mouse takes a lost tooth and leaves some money. However, in Mongolia, dogs are responsible for taking teeth away.
Dogs are highly respected in Mongolian culture and are considered guardian angels of the people. Tradition says that the new tooth will grow good and strong if the baby tooth is fed to a guardian angel. Accordingly, parents in Mongolia will put their child's lost tooth in a piece of meat and feed it to a dog. The idea of giving lost teeth to an angel or fairy is also a tradition in the West. Many children in Western countries count on the Tooth Fairy to leave money or presents in exchange for a tooth. The exact origins of the Tooth Fairy are a mystery, although the story probably began in England or Ireland centuries ago. According to tradition, a child puts a lost tooth under his or her pillow before going to bed. In the wee hours, while the child is sleeping, the Tooth Fairy takes the tooth and leaves something else under the pillow. In France, the Tooth Fairy leaves a small gift. In the United States, however, the Tooth Fairy usually leaves money. These days, the rate is 1 USD to 5 USD per tooth, adding up to a lot of money from the Tooth Fairy!
What is the passage mainly about?
Customs concerning children's new teeth
Traditions concerning children's lost teeth
Animals eating children's lost teeth
Presents for young children's lost teeth
The word “their” in paragraph 1 refers to ________.
countries'
houses’
roofs’
children's
According to paragraph 2, parents in Mongolia feed their child's lost tooth to a dog because ________.
they hope that their child will get some gifts for his or her tooth
they believe that this will make their child's new tooth good and strong
they know that dogs are very responsible animals
they think dogs like eating children's teeth
The word "origins" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
beginnings
families
countries
stories
According to the passage, which of the following NOT true about the tradition of tooth giving in the West?
Children put their lost teeth under their pillows.
Children give money to the Tooth Fairy.
Lost teeth are traditionally given to an angel or fairy.
Children hope to get money or gifts from the Tooth Fairy.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
ancient
applicant
animal
annual
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
enabled
featured
announced
valued
(Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 15 to 19.
Going Inside Black Holes
One of the strangest phenomena in the universe is the black hole. For years, scientists have studied black holes in an (15) ______ to better understand how they function. Like vacuum cleaners, black holes will suck up anything (16) ______ crosses their path. The incredible sucking power that black holes generate comes from gravity. They can quickly swallow up anything including planets, space debris, and anything else imaginable. Even light cannot escape the (17) ______ of black holes. Since they are able to pull in light, black holes are nearly impossible to see even with high-powered telescopes. (18) ______ scientists are able to detect the presence of black holes in space because of their effect on an observed area.
Black holes can originate in a few ways. One type of black holes occurs when a star comes to the end of its lifecycle and it dies in a supernova explosion. They can also occur when the mass of a neutron star becomes so great that it collapses in on itself. Black holes may also occur when several large and dense stars collide with one (19) ______ in space.
effect
impression
attempt
experience
Like vacuum cleaners, black holes will suck up anything (16) ______ crosses their path.
who
what
whose
that
Even light cannot escape the (17) ______ of black holes. Since they are able to pull in light, black holes are nearly impossible to see even with high-powered telescopes.
catch
embrace
grasp
achievement
(18) ______ scientists are able to detect the presence of black holes in space because of their effect on an observed area.
Therefore
However
In fact
Moreover
Black holes may also occur when several large and dense stars collide with one (19) ______ in space.
another
each
others
other
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
alive
happy
patient
honest
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
influence
employer
industry
instrument
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
The power failure at dinnertime caused consternation among the city's housewives.
anger
anxiety
boredom
calm
Don't egg him on! He gets himself into enough trouble without your encouragement.
exploit him
strongly encourage him
help him out
discourage him
(Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
There has been an appreciative drop in the number of unemployed people since the new government came to power.
since
in
appreciative
came to power
A large number of popular expressions in our language has interesting backgrounds.
backgrounds
expressions
A large number
has
The Oxford Dictionary is well-known for including many different meanings of words and to give real examples.
The
to give
meanings
well-known
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
The basketball team knew they lost the match. They soon started to blame each other.
Not only did the basketball team know they lost the match but they blamed to each other as well.
As soon as they blamed each other, the basketball team knew they lost the match.
Hardly had the basketball team known they lost the match when they started to blame each other.
No sooner had the basketball team started to blame each other than they knew they lost the match.
We cannot completely avoid stress in our lives. We need to find ways to cope with it.
As long as we can completely avoid stress in our lives, we need to find ways to cope with it.
Since we cannot completely avoid stress in our lives, we need to find ways to cope with it.
After we can completely avoid stress in our lives, we need to find ways to cope with it.
Because stress can completely be avoided in our lives, we need to find ways to cope with it.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
I ______ Alan for hours but he just doesn't answer his mobile. I hope nothing's wrong.
am calling
called
have been calling
call
You should use this cream ______ the sun from damaging your skin.
to preventing
for prevent
to prevent
preventing
Carrie says she will join the company if the starting salary ______ her expectations.
met
meets
has met
had met
In his students’ days, he was as poor as a church ______.
pauper
miser
mouse
beggar
They have heard the news from her, ______?
haven't they
have they
did they
didn't they
We always unite and work together whenever serious problems ______.
arise
devise
encounter
approach
My brother hopes to travel around the world ______ next summer.
Ø (no article)
an
the
a
For some subjects, face-to-face interaction can result ______ better learning outcomes.
about
of
in
on
______ she is busy, she manages to pick her children up after school every day.
In spite of
Although
Despite
Because
It is the recommendation of many psychologists that a learner ______ mental image to associate words and remember names.
use
must use
uses
is used
Hemingway, who was a _______writer, won the Nobel Prize in literature in 1954.
notorious
respective
distinguished
excessive
In Hawaii, it is ______ to greet visitors to the country with a special garland of flowers.
custom
customary
customer
customize
______ at the campsite, it had stopped raining.
By the time they arriving
After they arrived
By the time they arrived
By the time they arrive
I caught ______ of a lion lying under the tree, and my heart jumped.
sight
scene
view
look
More out-of-school activities are expected to be incorporated in the new school ______ proposed by Ministry of Education and Training.
schedule
agenda
handout
curriculum
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
“No, it's not true. I didn't steal the money!” Jean said.
Jean denied having stolen the money.
Jean refused to steal the money.
Jean admitted stealing the money.
Jean did not intend to steal the money.
It's possible that Joanna didn't receive my message.
Joanna needn't have received my message.
Joanna shouldn't have received my message.
Joanna can't have received my message.
Joanna mightn't have received my message.
They think the owner of the house is abroad.
It is thought that the owner of the house to be abroad.
The owner of the house is thought to be abroad.
It is thought to be abroad by the owner of the house.
The owner of the house is thought by them that he will be abroad.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
- Anna: "Hi, I wonder if you could help me.”
- Tom: “_____________”
Sure. What's the problem?
I need a book for my IT class.
Thanks. I will.
No wonder. You're always busy, Tom.
- Mary: “Would you like to join my wildlife protection team?”
- Laura: “_________________”
Thank you. I've always wanted to do something to help.
Yes, I like working for this organization very much.
There are so many wildlife protection teams.
Where is it located?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Although we argued with him for a long time, he stood his ground.
refused to change his opinion
changed his decision
wanted to continued
felt sorry for us
The restaurant entices more and more customers with its cozy interior and special daily events.
convinces
frees
refuses
attracts