(2025) Đề ôn thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh (Đề 14)

     Now in its second year, this exhibition explores the lives of teenagers from all around the world through photographs and cartoons, music and interviews. Some of (10) _______ interviews are with parents who are asked to compare their lives (11) _______ those of their children. Free entry to this (12) _______ museum, which is rarely busy after 3 p.m. Don't miss the excellent gift shop.

     Jameson Museum

     The Music Teacher

     Based on a film, this musical is now showing on stage. An out-of-work guitarist (13) _______ some lies and gets a job as a teacher. He persuades some of his students to create a rock group (14) _______ they can take part in the Battle of the Bands competition. Afternoon and evening performances from €50. (15) _______ including tea, coffee and biscuits available.

     Queens Theatre

     Endangered species are living organisms whose population sizes have declined to critical levels, putting them at risk of extinction. (18) _______ when their populations have decreased to such a degree that they are likely to disappear entirely from their natural habitats if (19) _______ are not implemented.

     The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is responsible for classifying species as endangered or critically endangered based on criteria such as population size, (20) _______ , and geographic range. The loss of endangered species can significantly impact the ecosystem, (21) _______ .

     Endangered species play a vital role in maintaining the ecological balance of our planet. They provide (22) _______ such as pollination, seed dispersal, and regulating the population of other organisms in the food chain. They also have important medicinal, cultural, (23) _______

     Protecting endangered species is therefore crucial in ensuring these services are preserved for future generations. Additionally, conservation efforts protecting endangered species can lead to the conservation of other species and their habitats, ultimately contributing to the overall health and stability of the ecosystem.

     Some people love being in crowded places. (24) _______ however, prefer quiet, less populated environments. It's not that they dislike people; they just find crowds overwhelming. A crowd for such people offers many challenges.

     There are several reasons why people may not enjoy crowded spaces. One reason (25) _______ be an overload of the senses. In a crowd, there are numerous sights, sounds, and smells (26) _______ can be too much for some individuals to handle. Another factor could be social anxiety. This involves fear or stress about social situations.

     Some individuals simply value (27) _______ space and solitude. Being in a crowd could disrupt their sense of peace. Many people feel invaded in a crowd situation. Once you understand these things, it can give you strategies to help people like this.

     So, what can we do to help those who don't like crowds? It starts with understanding and respecting their preferences. (28) _______ pushing them into situations where they feel uncomfortable. When planning events, consider creating quiet spaces where attendees can withdraw if they feel overwhelmed.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 29 to 33.

     For years 'bogus' was a word the British read in newspaper headlines but tended not to say. Its popularity among the teenagers of America changed that, although they didn't use it with its original meaning. It came from the Wild West. Its first appearance in print, in 1827, was in the Telegraph of Painesville, Ohio, where it meant a machine for making forgeries of coins. Soon, those 'bonuses' were turning out 'bogus money' and the word had undergone a change from noun to adjective.

     By the end of the 19^th century, it was well-established in Britain, applied to anything false, spurious or intentionally misleading. But the computer scientists of 1960 s America, to whom we owe so much linguistic innovation, redefined it to mean 'non-functional', 'useless', or 'unbelievable', especially in relation to calculations and engineering ideas. This was followed by its emergence among Princeton and Yale graduates in the East Coast computer community. But it was the adoption of the word by American teenagers generally, who used it to mean simply 'bad', that led to it being widely used by their counterparts in Britain.

     Interestingly, 'bogus' is one of only about 1,300 English words for which no sensible origin has emerged. The Oxford English Dictionary suggests a connection with a New England word, 'tantrobogus', meaning the devil. A rival US account sees it as a corruption of the name of a forger, called Borghese or Borges.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 34 to 40.

     The United States had reached a point, in the closing years of the 19^th century, when radical improvements in its political, social and economic arrangements were so plainly necessary that they were actually attempted, and therefore may be called inevitable. Women and men, young and middle-aged, rich, poor and inbetween, West, South, and North, all acknowledged the necessity and had some hand in shaping the improvements. It was an epoch very much to the American taste, for it seemed a proof that faith in progress, and particularly in the potential for progress in America was justified. The word 'progressive' had long been a favourite in common speech; now it became attached to a political party, a movement, an era. It remains a curiously empty word, but historians will never be able to do without it. And after all reservations have been made, it would be unfair to deny that the United States did in many respects move forward during this period, did begin to tackle a good many serious problems intelligently. It is a moderately encouraging story.

     Big business made itself felt at every state in the progressive story. All the same, it would be a mistake to suppose that business, however profoundly it had shaped and now coloured the day-to-day operations of American life, was the key to progressivism. Nor could the industrial working class, however active, generate the power necessary to dominate the long period. That privilege belonged to the new middle class.

     This class had emerged as, numerically, the chief beneficiary of the great transformation of American society. America's rapid development under the impact of industrialism and Urbanisation implied an equally rapidly developing need for professional services. The need for a new order was generally felt, and implied the recruitment and training of new men, and new women, to administer it. Society was now rich enough to pay for their services. Hence, in the last decades of the 19^th century, there was a mushroom growth among the professions. Doctors and lawyers, of course; but also engineers, dentists, professors, journalists, social workers, architects. This was the age of the expert; he was given a free hand, such as he has seldom enjoyed since. Each new technical marvel the telephone, the phonograph, the motorcar, the aeroplane - increased the faith that there was a sound technical answer to every problem, even to the problem of government. When a devastating hurricane and flood wrecked the port of Galveston, Texas, in 1901, the local businessmen proclaimed the regular authorities unable to handle the task of reconstruction and handed the city's government over to a commission of experts - a pattern that was to be widely followed in the next few years.