20 câu trắc nghiệm Tiếng Anh 10 Unit 8. Science - Reading and Writing - Friends Global có đáp án
20 câu hỏi
Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answers.
For a time, the Hubble telescope was the brunt of jokes and subject to the wrath of those who believed the U.S. government had spent too much money on space projects that served no valid purpose. The Hubble was sent into orbit with a satellite by the Space Shuttle Discovery in 1990 amid huge hype and expectation. Yet after it was in position, it simply did not work, because the primary mirror was misshapen. It was not until 1993 that the crew of the Shuttle Endeavour arrived like roadside mechanics, opened the hatch that was installed for the purpose, and replaced the defective mirror with a good one.
Suddenly, all that had originally been expected came true. The Hubble telescope was indeed the “window on the universe,” as it had originally been dubbed. When you look deep into space, you are actually looking back through time, because even though light travels at 186,000 miles a second, it requires time to get from one place to another. In fact, it is said that in some cases, the Hubble telescope is looking back eleven billion years to see galaxies already forming. The distant galaxies are speeding away from Earth, some traveling at the speed of light.
Hubble has viewed exploding stars such as the Eta Carinae, which clearly displayed clouds of gas and dust billowing outward from its poles at 1.5 million miles an hour. Prior to Hubble, it was visible from traditional telescopes on earth, but its details were not ascertainable. But now, the evidence of the explosion is obvious. The star still burns five million times brighter than the sun and illuminates clouds from the inside.
Hubble has also provided a close look at black holes, which are described as cosmic drains. Gas and dust swirl around the drain and are slowly sucked in by the incredible gravity. It has also looked into an area that looked empty to the naked eye and, within a region the size of a grain of sand, located layer upon layer of galaxies, with each galaxy consisting of billions of stars.
The Hubble telescope was named after Edwin Hubble, a 1920s astronomer who developed a formula that expresses the proportional relationship of distances between clusters of galaxies and the speeds at which they travel. Astronomers use stars known as Cepheid variables to measure distances in space. These stars dim and brighten from time to time, and they are photographed over time and charted. All the discoveries made by Hubble have allowed astronomers to learn more about the formation of early galaxies.
The author states that the Hubble was not always popular because __________ .
it was more expensive than most space shuttles.
many people believed space exploration was a waste of time.
people were afraid of what might be found.
it was defective for its first three years in space.
The word brunt in the first sentence is closest in meaning to __________ .
expense
unhappiness
subject
contentment
The author implies that at the time the Hubble was initially deployed from the Earth _______ .
there was little attention paid to it.
it was already known that the mirror was defective.
there was considerable excitement about potential uses.
all attention was focused on the space shuttle, not the Hubble.
The author compares the astronauts of the Endeavour to __________ .
astronomers.
mechanics.
politicians.
scientists.
The word billowing in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to __________ .
sitting
exploding
stopping
pouring
The author implies that the satellite that carries the Hubble was specifically designed so that ________ .
maintenance could be done by traveling astronauts.
the Hubble could move easily.
the mirror could contract and expand.
the known defective mirror could be replaced in space rather than on Earth.
The author states that Edwin Hubble ___________ .
developed the Hubble telescope.
developed a mathematical formula to measure speed and distances between galaxies.
was the first person to use the Hubble telescope.
was a politician who sponsored funding in Congress.
According to the passage, a Cepheid variable is __________ .
a mirror
a star
a Hubble calculations
the dimming and brightening of a star
Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answers.
In the past, technology and progress were very slow. People “invented” farming 12,000 years ago but it took 8,000 years for the idea to go around the world. Then, about 3,500 years ago, people called “potters” used round wheels to turn and make plates. But it took hundreds of years before some clever person thought, if we join two wheels together and make them bigger, we can use them to move things.
In the last few centuries, things have begun to move faster. Take a 20th-century invention like the aeroplane, for example. The first aeroplane flight on 17 December 1903 only lasted 12 seconds, and the plane only went 37 metres. It can't have been very exciting to watch, but that flight changed the world. Sixteen years later, the first plane flew across the Atlantic, and only fifty years after that, men walked on the moon. Technology is now changing our world faster and faster. So what will the future bring?
One of the first changes will be the materials we use. Scientists have just invented an amazing new material called graphene, and soon we will use it to do lots of things. With graphene batteries in your mobile, it will take a few seconds to charge your phone or download a thousand gigabytes of information! Today, we make most products in factories, but in the future, scientists will invent living materials. Then we won't make things like cars and furniture in factories - we will grow them! Thirty years ago, people couldn't have imagined social media like Twitter and Facebook. Now we can't live without them. But this is only the start. Right now, scientists are putting microchips in some disabled people's brains, to help them see, hear and communicate better. In the future, we may all use these technologies. We won't need smartphones to use social media or search the internet because the internet will be in our heads!
More people will go into space in the future, too. Space tourism has already begun, and a hundred years from now, there may be many hotels in space. One day, we may get most of our energy from space too. In 1941, the writer Isaac Asimov wrote about a solar power station in space. People laughed at his idea then, but we should have listened to him. Today, many people are trying to develop a space solar power station. After all, the sun always shines above the clouds!
The writer says that in the past ___________.
people didn't invent many things
people didn't want to use wheels
most inventions were to do with farming
it took time for new ideas to change things
Why does the writer use the example of the aeroplane?
To explain why transport changed in the 20th century.
Because he thinks it's the most important invention in history.
To explain how space travel started.
To show how an invention developed quickly.
What does the writer say about the future of communication?
We can't know what the most popular social media will be.
Microchips will become faster.
We won't use the internet as much.
We won't need devices like smartphones.
What does the writer say about space solar power?
It's an old idea, but people are only starting to develop it now.
It's a science fiction idea, and nobody really thinks it will work.
It's much easier to build a solar power station in space than on Earth.
People tried it in 1941, but they didn't succeed.
The best title for the article would be ___________.
Man in space
Will computers rule the world?
More and more inventions
Progress now and then
Choose the sentence that is CLOSEST in meaning to the given one.
As a conductor of heat and electricity, aluminum exceeds all metals except silver, copper and gold.
With the exception of aluminum, silver, copper and gold are better than any other metal as conductors of heat and electricity.
Aluminum is a better conductor of heat and electricity than silver, copper and gold.
Silver, copper and gold are better conductors of heat and electricity than aluminum.
Silver, copper and gold are exceeded only by aluminum as conductors of heat and electricity.
Choose the sentence that is CLOSEST in meaning to the given one.
I don’t know but I guess a faulty electrical connection caused the explosion.
The explosion must have been caused by a faulty electrical connection.
A faulty electrical connection may have been caused the explosion.
The explosion should have been caused by a faulty electrical connection.
The explosion may have been caused by a faulty electrical connection.
Solar walls and windows as well as bladeless wind turbines on rooftops are going to be used in future smart buildings. The city energy will be 100 percent renewable.
Both solar walls and windows and bladeless wind turbines on rooftops are going to be used in future smart buildings that the city energy will be 100 percent renewable.
Solar walls and windows as well as bladeless wind turbines on rooftops are going to be used in future smart buildings in order to the city energy will be 100 percent renewable.
Solar walls and windows as well as bladeless wind turbines on rooftops are going to be used in future smart buildings where the city energy will be 100 percent renewable.
Both solar walls and windows and bladeless wind turbines on rooftops are going to be used in future smart buildings so that the city energy will be 100 percent renewable.
Choose the sentence that is CLOSEST in meaning to the given one.
“What a silly thing to say!”, Martha said.
Martha threatened that it was a silly thing to say.
Martha exclaimed that it was a silly thing to say.
Martha suggested that it was a silly thing to say.
Martha offered that it was a silly thing to say.
Choose the sentence that is CLOSEST in meaning to the given one.
If we can solve this problem soon, it will be better for all concerned.
It would be better for all concerned if we can solve this problem soon.
The sooner we solve this problem, the better it will be for all concerned.
If we could solve this problem soon, it would be better for all concerned.
If all concerned are better, we can solve this problem soon.
Choose the sentence that best combines the following pair of sentences.
We spend about one-third of our lives sleeping. We know relatively little about sleep.
We know relatively little about sleep; as a result, we spend about one-third of our lives sleeping.
We spend about one-third of our lives sleeping so that we know relatively little about sleep.
Despite spending about one-third of our lives sleeping, we know relatively little about sleep.
We shall know more about sleep if we spend more than one-third of our lives sleeping.
Choose the best option to rewrite the below sentence.
He survived the operation thanks to the skillful surgeon.
He wouldn't have survived the operation without the skillful surgeon.
Though the surgeon was skillful, he couldn't survive the operation.
He survived because he was a skillful surgeon.
There was no skillful surgeon, so he died.