Tính giá trị lượng giác cos ( π/ 3 − α ) biết sin α = − 12/ 13 , 3 π /2 < α < 2 π .

a) Vì \[\frac{{3\pi }}{2} < \alpha < 2\pi \] nên \[\cos \alpha > 0\].

Ta có: \[{\sin ^2}\alpha + co{s^2}\alpha = 1\].

Suy ra: \[\cos \alpha = \sqrt {1 - {{\sin }^2}\alpha } = \frac{5}{{13}}\].

Vậy \[cos\left( {\frac{\pi }{3} - \alpha } \right) = \cos \frac{\pi }{3}\cos \alpha + \sin \frac{\pi }{3}\sin \alpha = \frac{{5 - 12\sqrt 3 }}{{26}}\].

b) \(\sin \left( {4x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \cos \left( {\frac{{7\pi }}{{10}} - x} \right)\)

\[ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {4x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \sin \left[ {\frac{\pi }{2} - \left( {\frac{{7\pi }}{{10}} - x} \right)} \right]\]\( \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {4x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \sin \left( {x - \frac{\pi }{5}} \right)\)

\( \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}4x + \frac{\pi }{4} = x - \frac{\pi }{5} + k2\pi \\4x + \frac{\pi }{4} = \pi - x + \frac{\pi }{5} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\)\( \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}3x = - \frac{{9\pi }}{{20}} + k2\pi \\5x = \frac{{19\pi }}{{20}} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\)\( \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = - \frac{{3\pi }}{{20}} + k\frac{{2\pi }}{3}\\x = \frac{{19\pi }}{{100}} + k\frac{{2\pi }}{5}\end{array} \right.\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\).

Vậy phương trình có nghiệm là \(x = - \frac{{3\pi }}{{20}} + k\frac{{2\pi }}{3};\,\,x = \frac{{19\pi }}{{100}} + k\frac{{2\pi }}{5}\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right).\)