Tính a + b .
Ta có S=1+2⋅5+3⋅52+...+2020⋅52019 (1)
Suy ra \[5S = 5 + 2 \cdot {5^2} + 3 \cdot {5^3} + ... + 2020 \cdot {5^{2020}}\] \(\left( 2 \right)\).
Lấy \(\left( 1 \right)\) trừ \(\left( 2 \right)\) vế theo vế ta được:
\(S - 4S = 1 + \left( {2 \cdot 5 - 5} \right) + \left( {3 \cdot {5^2} - 2 \cdot {5^2}} \right) + ... + \left( {2020 \cdot {5^{2019}} - 2019 \cdot {5^{2019}}} \right) - 2020 \cdot {5^{2020}}\)
\[ \Leftrightarrow - 4S = 1 + 5 + {5^2} + {5^3} + ... + {5^{2019}} - 2020 \cdot {5^{2020}}\]\[ \Leftrightarrow - 4S = 1 + \left( {5 \cdot \frac{{{5^{2019}} - 1}}{{5 - 1}}} \right) - 2020 \cdot {5^{2020}}\]
\[ \Leftrightarrow - 4S = 1 + \left( {5 \cdot \frac{{{5^{2019}} - 1}}{4}} \right) - 2020 \cdot {5^{2020}}\]\[ \Leftrightarrow - 4S = - \frac{1}{4} - \frac{{8079}}{4} \cdot {5^{2020}}\]\[ \Leftrightarrow S = \frac{1}{{16}} + \frac{{8079}}{{16}} \cdot {5^{2020}}\].
Vậy \[a + b = \frac{1}{{16}} + \frac{{8079}}{{16}} = 505\].
Đáp án:\(505\).