Thực hiện phép tính (tính hợp lí nếu có thể): a) 2^9 : 2^2 + 5^4 : 5^3 ⋅ 2^4 − 3 ⋅ 2^5 .

Hướng dẫn giải

1) a) \({2^9}:{2^2} + {5^4}:{5^3} \cdot {2^4} - 3 \cdot {2^5}\) \( = {2^7} + {5^2} \cdot {2^4} - 3 \cdot {2^5}\) \( = {2^5} \cdot \left( {{2^2} - 3} \right) + {5^2} \cdot {2^4}\) \( = 32 \cdot 1 + 400 = 432.\)

b) \[1\,\,754:17 - 74:17 + 20:17\] \[ = \left( {1\,\,754 - 74 + 20} \right):17\] \[ = 1\,\,700:17\] \[ = 100.\]

2) \({5^{x + 1}} - {5^x} = 2 \cdot {2^x} + 8 \cdot {2^x}\)

\({5^x} \cdot 5 - {5^x} = 2 \cdot {2^x} + 8 \cdot {2^x}\)

\({5^x} \cdot \left( {5 - 1} \right) = {2^x} \cdot \left( {2 + 8} \right)\)

\({5^x} \cdot 4 = {2^x} \cdot 10\)

\({2^2} \cdot {5^x} = {2^{x + 1}} \cdot 5\)

\(\frac{{{2^2} \cdot {5^x}}}{{{2^2} \cdot 5}} = \frac{{{2^{x + 1}} \cdot 5}}{{{2^2} \cdot 5}}\)

\({5^{x - 1}} = {2^{x - 1}}\)

Suy ra \(x - 1 = 0\)

\(x = 1.\)

Vậy \(x = 1.\)