Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Wildlife conservation has become a critical global priority in recent years, as human activity increasingly encroaches upon the natural habitats of various species. Conservation efforts are focused on preserving biodiversity, protecting endangered species, and maintaining ecosystems that support both wildlife and human populations. [I]

One of the primary strategies for wildlife conservation is the establishment of protected areas, such as national parks, wildlife reserves, and marine sanctuaries. These zones are designed to offer a safe haven for wildlife, shielding them from poaching, habitat destruction, and other threats. For example, Yellowstone National Park in the United States and the Serengeti in Tanzania are well-known protected areas that host a wide variety of species. [II]

Another important aspect of conservation is the restoration of damaged habitats. Deforestation, pollution, and urbanization have led to the destruction of vital ecosystems. Conservationists are working to replant forests, clean up polluted rivers, and restore wetlands to create environments where wildlife can thrive. In Costa Rica, for instance, reforestation projects have not only helped to increase forest cover but have also provided new habitats for species such as jaguars, monkeys, and tropical birds. [III]

In addition to habitat protection and restoration, the fight against illegal wildlife trade is essential as well. Poaching and the illegal sale of wildlife products, such as ivory and rhino horn, have driven some species to the brink of extinction. International agreements, like the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), aim to curb this practice by regulating the global trade of wildlife and their products. Additionally, many countries have established strict laws and penalties to deter poaching and trafficking. [IV]

One of the more recent approaches to conservation is the use of technology. Drones, camera traps, and satellite tracking systems are being deployed to monitor wildlife populations and poaching activity in real time. For instance, drones are being used in African savannas to monitor herds of elephants and spot potential poaching threats. Camera traps allow scientists to observe elusive species in remote areas, providing valuable data on their behavior and population sizes.

Ultimately, successful wildlife conservation requires global cooperation, long-term planning, and a balance between protecting wildlife and supporting human development. Governments, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and local communities must work together to create sustainable solutions that ensure the survival of wildlife for future generations.

(Adapted from https://therealielts.vn/ielts-reading-8-wildlife-conservation-efforts/)

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