Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) \({\left( {x - 2} \right)^3} + 2 - x\)
\( = {\left( {x - 2} \right)^3} - \left( {x - 2} \right)\)
\( = \left( {x - 2} \right)\left[ {{{\left( {x - 2} \right)}^2} - 1} \right]\)
\( = \left( {x - 2} \right)\left( {x - 2 + 1} \right)\left( {x - 2 - 1} \right)\)
\( = \left( {x - 2} \right)\left( {x - 1} \right)\left( {x - 3} \right)\)
b) \({\left( {x + a} \right)^2} - 25\)
\( = {\left( {x + a} \right)^2} - {5^2}\)
\( = \left( {x + a + 5} \right)\left( {x + a - 5} \right)\)
c) \[a{x^2} - 2bxy + 2b{x^2} - axy\]
\[ = \left( {a{x^2} + 2b{x^2}} \right) - \left( {axy + 2bxy} \right)\]
\[ = \left( {a + 2b} \right){x^2} - \left( {a + 2b} \right)xy\]
\[ = \left( {a + 2b} \right)\left( {{x^2} - xy} \right)\]
d) \({x^2} - 4xy + 4{y^2} - 9{a^2}\)
\( = {\left( {x - 2} \right)^2} - {\left( {3a} \right)^2}\)
\( = \left( {x - 2 - 3a} \right)\left( {x - 2 + 3a} \right)\)