Giải hệ phương trình: |x + 2 | + 4 căn bậc hai y -1 = 5
\(1.\,\,\,\left\{ \begin{array}{l}\left| {x + 2} \right| + 4\sqrt {y - 1} = 5\\3\left| {x + 2} \right| - 2\sqrt {y - 1} = 1\end{array} \right.\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\left( {y \ge 1} \right)\)
\[ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}\left| {x + 2} \right| + 4\sqrt {y - 1} = 5\\6\left| {x + 2} \right| - 4\sqrt {y - 1} = 2\end{array} \right.\]
\[ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}\left| {x + 2} \right| + 4\sqrt {y - 1} = 5\\7\left| {x + 2} \right| = 7\end{array} \right.\]
\[ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}\sqrt {y - 1} = 1\\\left| {x + 2} \right| = 1\end{array} \right.\]
\[ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}y - 1 = 1\\x + 2 = \pm 1\end{array} \right.\]
Nghiệm: (– 1; 2), (– 3; 2).
\(\begin{array}{l}2.\,\,{x^2} + \left( {3 - \sqrt {{x^2} + 2} } \right)x = 1 + 2\sqrt {{x^2} + 2} \\ \Leftrightarrow {x^2} + 3x - 1 = \left( {x + 2} \right)\sqrt {{x^2} + 2} \\ \Leftrightarrow {x^2} + 2 - \left( {x + 2} \right)\sqrt {{x^2} + 2} + 3\left( {x - 1} \right) = 0\end{array}\)
Đặt \(t = \sqrt {{x^2} + 2} \Rightarrow t \ge \sqrt 2 \)
Phương trình trở thành
\({t^2} - \left( {x + 2} \right)t + 3\left( {x - 1} \right) = 0 \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}t = 3\\t = x - 1\end{array} \right.\)
Suy ra \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}\sqrt {{x^2} + 2} = 3\\\sqrt {{x^2} + 2} = x - 1\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}{x^2} = 7 \Leftrightarrow x = \pm \sqrt 7 \\\left\{ \begin{array}{l}x - 1 \ge 0\\2x = - 1\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow x = \frac{{ - 1}}{2}\,\,\left( {loai} \right)\end{array} \right.\)
Phương trình có nghiệm \(x = \pm \sqrt 7 \).