Chứng tỏ rằng: A = 1 + 4 + 4^ 2 + 4 ^3 + . . . + 4^ 2021 chia hết cho 21.
Giải thích
Ta có: \(A = 1 + 4 + {4^2} + {4^3} + ... + {4^{2021}}\)
\[ = (1 + 4 + {4^2}) + ({4^3} + {4^4} + {4^5}) + ... + ({4^{2019}} + {4^{2020}} + {4^{2021}})\]
\[ = (1 + 4 + {4^2}) + {4^3}(1 + 4 + {4^2}) + ... + {4^{2019}}(1 + 4 + {4^2})\]
\[ = 21\,\,.\,\,(1 + {4^3} + ... + {4^{2019}})\].
Vì \(21\,\, \vdots \,\,21\) nên \[A = 21\,\,.\,\,(1 + {4^3} + ... + {4^{2019}})\, \vdots \,\,21\].
Vậy \(A = 1 + 4 + {4^2} + {4^3} + ... + {4^{2021}}\) chia hết cho 21.