Chứng minh các đẳng thức sau: a) cos^4 x – sin^4 x = 2 cos^2 x – 1; b) tan^2 x – sin^2 x = tan^2 x . sin^2 x; c) (sin x + cos x)^2 + (sin x – cos x)^2 = 2.
Giải thích
Lời giải
a) Ta có VT = cos4 x – sin4 x = (cos2 x – sin2 x)(cos2 x + sin2 x) = cos2 x – sin2 x
= cos2 x – (1 – cos2 x) = 2 cos2 x – 1 = VP.
b) Ta có
VT = tan2 x – sin2 x = \(\frac{{{{\sin }^2}x}}{{{{\cos }^2}x}} - {\sin ^2}x\)\( = \frac{{{{\sin }^2}x - {{\sin }^2}x{{\cos }^2}x}}{{{{\cos }^2}x}}\)\( = \frac{{{{\sin }^2}x\left( {1 - {{\cos }^2}x} \right)}}{{{{\cos }^2}x}}\)
\( = \frac{{{{\sin }^2}x}}{{{{\cos }^2}x}}.{\sin ^2}x\) = tan2 x . sin² x = VP.
c) Ta có
VT = (sin x + cos x)2 + (sin x – cos x)²
= sin2 x + 2sin x cos x + cos2 x + sin2 x – 2sin x cos x + cos2 x
= 2 sin2 x + 2 cos2 x = 2(sin2 x + cos2 x) = 2 . 1 = 2 = VP.