Cho hai số thực không âm a, b.

a) Ta có: \[2ab \le {a^2} + {b^2} \Leftrightarrow {\left( {a + b} \right)^2} \le 2\left( {{a^2} + {b^2}} \right) \Leftrightarrow a + b \le \sqrt {2\left( {{a^2} + {b^2}} \right)} \].

b) \[P = \frac{{2ab}}{{a + b + 2}} = \frac{{{{\left( {a + b} \right)}^2} - \left( {{a^2} + {b^2}} \right)}}{{a + b + 2}} = \frac{{{{\left( {a + b} \right)}^2} - 4 - 2}}{{a + b + 2}} = a + b - 2 - \frac{2}{{a + b + 2}}\]

\[a + b \le 2\sqrt 3 \Rightarrow a + b + 2 \le 2 + 2\sqrt 3 \]\[ \Rightarrow \frac{2}{{a + b + 2}} \ge \frac{1}{{1 + \sqrt 3 }}\]

Vậy \[P \le 2\sqrt 3 - 2 - \frac{1}{{1 + \sqrt 3 }} = \frac{{ - 3 + 3\sqrt 3 }}{2}\].

Dấu  xảy ra khi \[\left\{ \begin{array}{l}{a^2} + {b^2} = 6\\a = b\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow a = b = \sqrt 3 \].

Vậy \[Ma{\rm{x}}\,P = \frac{{ - 3 + 3\sqrt 3 }}{2}\] khi \[a = b = \sqrt 3 \].