Cho biểu thức P = 3X+ 5căn bậc hai x -11 / ( căn bậc hai x -1 ) ( căn bậc hai x + 2)
a)Với \(0 \le x \ne 1\) ta có:
\(\begin{array}{l}P = \frac{{\left( {3x + 5\sqrt x - 11} \right) - \left( {\sqrt x - 2} \right)\left( {\sqrt x + 2} \right) + 2\left( {\sqrt x - 1} \right) - \left( {\sqrt x - 1} \right)\left( {\sqrt x + 2} \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt x - 1} \right)\left( {\sqrt x + 2} \right)}}\\ = \frac{{\left( {3x + 5\sqrt x - 11} \right) - \left( {x - 4} \right) + 2\left( {\sqrt x - 1} \right) - \left( {x + \sqrt x - 2} \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt x - 1} \right)\left( {\sqrt x + 2} \right)}}\end{array}\)
\( = \frac{{x + 6\sqrt x - 7}}{{\left( {\sqrt x - 1} \right)\left( {\sqrt x + 2} \right)}} = \frac{{\left( {\sqrt x - 1} \right)\left( {\sqrt x + 7} \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt x - 1} \right)\left( {\sqrt x + 2} \right)}} = \frac{{\sqrt x + 7}}{{\sqrt x + 2}}\)
Vậy \(P = \frac{{\sqrt x + 7}}{{\sqrt x + 2}}\) với \(0 \le x \ne 1\)
b)Ta có: \(P = \frac{{\sqrt x + 7}}{{\sqrt x + 2}} = 1 + \frac{5}{{\sqrt x + 2}} \Rightarrow 1 < P \le 1 + \frac{5}{2} = \frac{7}{2}\) với \(0 \le x \ne 1\)
Biểu thức \[P\] chia hết cho 3\( \Leftrightarrow P = 3 \Leftrightarrow \frac{{\sqrt x + 7}}{{\sqrt x + 2}} = 3\)
\( \Leftrightarrow \sqrt x + 7 = 3\sqrt x + 6 \Leftrightarrow \sqrt x = \frac{1}{2} \Leftrightarrow x = \frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy \(x = \frac{1}{4}\)