Biết rằng 2\căn{2x + 1} - căn [3x^2} + x + 8}/ x

20/38

Biết rằng \[\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{2\sqrt {2x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{{{x^2} + x + 8}}}}{x} = \frac{a}{b}\] với \[a,\,b \in \mathbb{Z}\], \[b > 0\] và \(\frac{a}{b}\) là phân số tối giản. Tính \(a - 2b\).

\(10\).

\( - 1\).

\(11\).

\( - 11\).

Giải thích

Chọn B

\[\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{2\sqrt {2x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{{{x^2} + x + 8}}}}{x} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{2\sqrt {2x + 1} - 2 + 2 - \sqrt[3]{{{x^2} + x + 8}}}}{x}\]\[ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{2\left( {\sqrt {2x + 1} - 1} \right) + \left( {2 - \sqrt[3]{{{x^2} + x + 8}}} \right)}}{x} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{2\left( {\sqrt {2x + 1} - 1} \right)}}{x} + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{\left( {2 - \sqrt[3]{{{x^2} + x + 8}}} \right)}}{x}\]\[ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{2\left( {\sqrt {2x + 1} - 1} \right)\left( {\sqrt {2x + 1} + 1} \right)}}{{x\left( {\sqrt {2x + 1} + 1} \right)}} + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{\left( {2 - \sqrt[3]{{{x^2} + x + 8}}} \right)\left( {4 + 2\sqrt[3]{{{x^2} + x + 8}} + \sqrt[3]{{{{\left( {{x^2} + x + 8} \right)}^2}}}} \right)}}{{x\left( {4 + 2\sqrt[3]{{{x^2} + x + 8}} + \sqrt[3]{{{{\left( {{x^2} + x + 8} \right)}^2}}}} \right)}}\]\[ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{4x}}{{x\left( {\sqrt {2x + 1} + 1} \right)}} + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{8 - \left( {{x^2} + x + 8} \right)}}{{x\left( {4 + 2\sqrt[3]{{{x^2} + x + 8}} + \sqrt[3]{{{{\left( {{x^2} + x + 8} \right)}^2}}}} \right)}}\]\[ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{4}{{\left( {\sqrt {2x + 1} + 1} \right)}} + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{ - 1 - x}}{{\left( {4 + 2\sqrt[3]{{{x^2} + x + 8}} + \sqrt[3]{{{{\left( {{x^2} + x + 8} \right)}^2}}}} \right)}} = 2 - \frac{1}{{12}} = \frac{{23}}{{12}}\]

Vậy \(a = 23,\,b = 12\). \(a - 2b = - 1\).