a) Thực hiện phép tính \(2 căn bậc hai 9 - căn bậc hai16} \).
a) \(2\sqrt 9 - \sqrt {16} = 2 \cdot \sqrt {{3^2}} - \sqrt {{4^2}} = 2.3 - 4 = 6 - 4 = 2\)
b) Thay \({\rm{x}} = 1,{\rm{y}} = 2\) vào hàm số \(y = a{x^2}\) ta có:
\(2 = a{.1^2} \Leftrightarrow a = 2\).
Vậy \(a = 2\).
c) \(\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{2x + y = 7}\\{x - 2y = - 4}\end{array} \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{2x + y = 7}\\{x = 2y - 4}\end{array} \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{2\left( {2y - 4} \right) + y = 7}\\{x = 2y - 4}\end{array}} \right.} \right.} \right.\)
\( \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{4y - 8 + y = 7}\\{x = 2y - 4}\end{array} \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{5y = 15}\\{x = 2y - 4}\end{array} \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{y = 3}\\{x = 2y - 4}\end{array} \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{x = 2}\\{y = 3}\end{array}} \right.} \right.} \right.} \right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất \(\left( {2;3} \right)\).
d) Với \(x \ge 0,x \ne 1,x \ne 9\) ta có:
\(P = \left( {\frac{1}{{\sqrt x - 3}} + \frac{2}{{\sqrt x + 3}}} \right):\frac{{\sqrt x - 1}}{{\sqrt x - 3}}\)
\(P = \frac{{\sqrt x + 3 + 2\left( {\sqrt x - 3} \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt x - 3} \right)\left( {\sqrt x + 3} \right)}}:\frac{{\sqrt x - 1}}{{\sqrt x - 3}}\)
\(P = \frac{{\sqrt x + 3 + 2\sqrt x - 6}}{{\left( {\sqrt x - 3} \right)\left( {\sqrt x + 3} \right)}} \cdot \frac{{\sqrt x - 3}}{{\sqrt x - 1}}\)
\(P = \frac{{3\sqrt x - 3}}{{\sqrt x + 3}} \cdot \frac{1}{{\sqrt x - 1}}\)
\(\; = \frac{{3\left( {\sqrt x - 1} \right)}}{{\sqrt x + 3}} \cdot \frac{1}{{\sqrt x - 1}}\)
\(P = \frac{3}{{\sqrt x + 3}}\)
Vậy với \(x \ge 0,x \ne 1,x \ne 9\) thì \(P = \frac{3}{{\sqrt x+ 3}}\).