a) Cho a, b là hai số thực dương phân biệt thỏa mãn
a)* P = \(\frac{{a\sqrt a - b\sqrt b - a\left( {\sqrt a - \sqrt b } \right) + b\left( {\sqrt a - \sqrt b } \right)}}{{a - b}}\)
= \(\frac{{a\sqrt a - b\sqrt b - a\sqrt a + a\sqrt b + b\sqrt a + b\sqrt b }}{{a - b}}\)
= \(\frac{{\sqrt {ab} \left( {\sqrt a + \sqrt b } \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt a + \sqrt b } \right)\left( {\sqrt a - \sqrt b } \right)}}\) = \(\frac{{\sqrt a }}{{\sqrt a \; - \;\sqrt b }}\) .
* (1 – a)(1 – b) + 2\(\sqrt {ab} \) = 1 \( \Leftrightarrow \) 1 – b – a + ab + 2\(\sqrt {ab} \) = 1
\( \Leftrightarrow \) a - 2\(\sqrt {ab} \) + b = ab \( \Leftrightarrow \) \({\left( {\sqrt a - \sqrt b } \right)^2}\)= \({\left( {\sqrt {ab} } \right)^2}\)
\( \Leftrightarrow \) \(\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{\sqrt a - \sqrt b = \sqrt {ab} \;(khi\;a > b)}\\{\sqrt a - \sqrt b = - \sqrt {ab} \;(khi\;a < b)}\end{array}} \right.\) \( \Leftrightarrow \;\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{\frac{{\sqrt {ab} }}{{\sqrt a \; - \;\sqrt b }} = 1}\\{\frac{{\sqrt {ab} }}{{\sqrt a \; - \;\sqrt b }} = - 1}\end{array}} \right.\)
* Vậy P =1 (khi a > b) hoặc P = -1 (khi a < b)
b)Vì a, b, c là 3 nghiệm của f(x) nên ta có
\(\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{{a^3} - 23a + 24 = 0}\\{{b^3} - 23b + 24 = 0}\\{{c^3} - 23c + 24 = 0}\end{array}} \right.\) \( \Leftrightarrow \) \(\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{{a^3} = 23a - 24}\\{{b^3} = 23b - 24}\\{{c^3} = 23c - 24}\end{array}} \right.\)
\( \Rightarrow \) Q = 23(a + b + c) – 72
Theo Viet: a + b + c = 0
Do đó Q = -72