Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 6 to 13.

In 1945 leaders from 51 countries met in San Francisco, California and organized the United Nations (often called the UN). World War II had just ended. Millions of people had died and (6)_______ was destruction everywhere. People hoped (7)_______ could build a future of world peace through this new organization. The United Nations has four main goals and purposes:

1. To work together for international peace (8)_______ to solve international problems;

2. To develop friendly relations among nations;

3. To work together for human rights for everyone of all races, religions, languages and of both sexes.

4. To build a center where nations can work together for these goals. Today almost every country in the world is a member of the UN. Each country signed an agreement that says:

● All members are (9)_______.

● All members promise to solve international problems (10)_______ a peaceful way.

● No member will use force against another member.

● All members will help the UN in its actions.

● The UN will not try to solve problems within countries except to international peace.

Obviously, the United Nations has not been completely successful in it. There (11)_______ several wars since 1945. (12)_______, the organization has helped peace to some countries that were at war. It has helped people (13)_______ left their countries because of wars. It has helped bring independence to colonies.

Until the firemen arrived to help, we had already put out the fire. A. Until B. arrived