Tính giá trị của biểu thức: A = 4 ( 3^ 2 + 1 ) ( 3 ^4 + 1 ) ( 3 ^8 + 1 ) . . . ( 3^ 64 + 1 ) .

Hướng dẫn giải

Ta có \(A = 4\left( {{3^2} + 1} \right)\left( {{3^4} + 1} \right)\left( {{3^8} + 1} \right)\,\,\,...\,\,\left( {{3^{64}} + 1} \right)\)

Suy ra \(2A = 2 \cdot 4\left( {{3^2} + 1} \right)\left( {{3^4} + 1} \right)\,\left( {{3^8} + 1} \right)\,\,...\,\,\left( {{3^{64}} + 1} \right)\)

\( = \left( {3 - 1} \right)\left( {3 + 1} \right)\left( {{3^2} + 1} \right)\left( {{3^4} + 1} \right)\left( {{3^8} + 1} \right)\,\,\,...\,\,\left( {{3^{64}} + 1} \right)\)

\( = \left( {{3^2} - 1} \right)\left( {{3^2} + 1} \right)\left( {{3^4} + 1} \right)\,\left( {{3^8} + 1} \right)\,\,...\,\,\left( {{3^{64}} + 1} \right)\)

\( = \left[ {{{\left( {{3^2}} \right)}^2} - 1} \right]\left( {{3^4} + 1} \right)\left( {{3^8} + 1} \right)\,\,\,...\,\,\left( {{3^{64}} + 1} \right)\)

\( = \left( {{3^4} - 1} \right)\left( {{3^4} + 1} \right)\,\left( {{3^8} + 1} \right)\,...\,\,\left( {{3^{64}} + 1} \right)\)

\( = \,\left[ {{{\left( {{3^4}} \right)}^2} - 1} \right]\,\left( {{3^8} + 1} \right)\,...\,\,\left( {{3^{64}} + 1} \right)\)

\( = \,\left( {{3^8} - 1} \right)\,\left( {{3^8} + 1} \right)\,...\,\,\left( {{3^{64}} + 1} \right)\)

\( = {\left( {{3^{64}}} \right)^2} - 1\)\( = {3^{128}} - 1.\)

Do đó \(A = \frac{{{3^{128}} - 1}}{2}\).