Thực hiện phép tính (tính hợp lí nếu có thể): a) \[\frac{7}{{30}} + \frac{{ - 12}}{{37}} + \frac{{23}}{{30}} + \frac{{ - 25}}{{37}}.\]
a) \[\frac{7}{{30}} + \frac{{ - 12}}{{37}} + \frac{{23}}{{30}} + \frac{{ - 25}}{{37}}\] \[ = \left( {\frac{7}{{30}} + \frac{{23}}{{30}}} \right) + \left( {\frac{{ - 12}}{{37}} + \frac{{ - 25}}{{37}}} \right)\] \[ = 1 + \left( { - 1} \right) = 0.\] c) \(\frac{{ - 3}}{5}:\frac{7}{5} - \frac{3}{5}:\frac{7}{5} + 2\frac{3}{5}\) \( = \frac{{ - 3}}{5} \cdot \frac{5}{7} - \frac{3}{5} \cdot \frac{5}{7} + 2 + \frac{3}{5}\) \[ = \frac{5}{7} \cdot \left( {\frac{{ - 3}}{5} - \frac{3}{5}} \right) + 2 + \frac{3}{5}\] \[ = \frac{5}{7} \cdot \frac{{ - 6}}{5} + 2 + \frac{3}{5}\] \[ = \frac{{ - 6}}{7} + 2 + \frac{3}{5}\] \[ = \frac{{ - 30}}{{35}} + \frac{{70}}{{35}} + \frac{{21}}{{35}}\] \[ = \frac{{61}}{{35}}.\] | b) \(\left( { - 0,4} \right) \cdot \left( { - 0,5} \right) \cdot \left( { - 0,8} \right)\) \[ = 0,2 \cdot \left( { - 0,8} \right)\] \[ = - 0,16.\] d) \(\left( {\frac{5}{7} \cdot 0,6 - 5:3\frac{1}{2}} \right) \cdot \left( {40\% - 1,4} \right) \cdot {\left( { - \frac{2}{3}} \right)^3}\) \( = \left( {\frac{5}{7} \cdot \frac{3}{5} - 5:\frac{7}{2}} \right) \cdot \left( {\frac{2}{5} - \frac{7}{5}} \right) \cdot \left( { - \frac{8}{{27}}} \right)\) \( = \left( {\frac{3}{7} - \frac{{10}}{7}} \right) \cdot \left( { - 1} \right) \cdot \left( { - \frac{8}{{27}}} \right)\) \( = \left( { - 1} \right) \cdot \left( { - 1} \right) \cdot \left( { - \frac{8}{{27}}} \right)\) \( = 1 \cdot \left( { - \frac{8}{{27}}} \right)\) \( = - \frac{8}{{27}}.\) |