The annual mortality burden in the UK from exposure to outdoor air

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

The annual mortality burden in the UK from exposure to outdoor air pollution is equivalent to around 40,000 deaths. To this can be (23) ____ further impacts from exposure to indoor air pollutants such as radon and second-hand smoke.

The health problems resulting from exposure to air pollution also have a (24) ____ cost to society and business, our health services, and people who suffer from illness and premature death. In the UK, these costs add up to more than £20 billion every year.

Vulnerable people are prisoners of air pollution, having to stay indoors and limit their (25) ____when pollution levels are high. This is not only unjust; it carries a cost to these individuals and the community from missed work and school, from more health problems (26) ____ lack of exercise, and from social isolation.

Taking action will reduce pain, suffering and demands on the National Health Service (NHS), while (27) ____ people back to work, learning, and an active life. The value of these benefits far exceeds the cost of reducing emissions.