Bộ đề thi Tiếng anh THPT Quốc gia năm 2022 có lời giải ( Đề số 6 )

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on you answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.       The term 'virus is derived from the Latin word

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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on you answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. 

     The term 'virus is derived from the Latin word for poison. or slime. It was originally applied to the noxious stench emanating from swamps that was thought to cause a variety of diseases in the centuries before microbes were discovered and specifically linked to illness. But it was not until almost the end of the nineteenth century that a true virus was proven to be the cause of a disease. 

          The nature of viruses made them impossible to detect for many years even after bacteria had been discovered and studied. Not only are viruses too small to be seen with a light microscope, they also cannot be detected through their biological activity, except as it occurs in conjunction with other organisms. In fact, viruses show no traces of biological activity by themselves. Unlike bacteria, they are not living agents in the strictest sense Viruses are very simple pieces of organic material composed only of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA, enclosed in a coat of protein made up of simple structural units (Some viruses also contain carbohydrates and lipids.) They are parasites, requiring human, animal, or plant cells to live. The virus replicates by attaching to a cell and injecting its nucleic acid.' once inside the cell, the DNA or RNA that contains the virus' genetic information takes over the cell's biological machinery, and the cell begins to manufacture viral proteins rather than its own

All of the following may be components of a virus EXCEPT

plant cells

carbohydrates

a coat of protein

RNA

Giải thích

Kiến thức đọc hiểu:

Tất cả những điều sau đây có thể là thành phần của vi-rút NGOẠI TRỪ

  1. tế bào thực vật B. cacbohydrat C. một lớp ngoài của protein D. ARN

Dẫn chứng: Viruses are very simple pieces of organic material composed only of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA, enclosed in a coat of protein made up of simple structural units (Some viruses also contain carbohydrates and lipids.)

Không giống như vi khuẩn, chúng không phải là tác nhân sống, theo nghĩa chặt chẽ nhất, vi rút là những mảnh vật chất hữu cơ rất đơn giản chỉ bao gồm axit nucleic, DNA hoặc RNA, được bao bọc trong một lớp ngoài protein được tạo thành từ các đơn vị cấu trúc đơn giản. (Một số vi rút cũng chưa carbohydrate và lipid.) 

 Chọn đáp án A