a) Vì \(\frac{\pi }{2} < \alpha < \pi \) nên \(\sin \alpha > 0\).

b) \(\cos \left( {\pi - \alpha } \right) = - \cos \alpha = \frac{{\sqrt {15} }}{4} > 0\).

c) \({\left( {\sin \alpha + 2\cos \alpha } \right)^2}\)\( = {\sin ^2}\alpha + 4\sin \alpha .\cos \alpha + 4{\cos ^2}\alpha \).

Có \({\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha = 1\)\( \Leftrightarrow {\sin ^2}\alpha + \frac{{15}}{{16}} = 1\)\( \Leftrightarrow {\sin ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{16}} \Rightarrow \sin \alpha = \frac{1}{4}\) vì \(\sin \alpha > 0\).

Suy ra \({\left( {\sin \alpha + 2\cos \alpha } \right)^2} = \frac{1}{{16}} + 4.\frac{1}{4}.\left( {\frac{{ - \sqrt {15} }}{4}} \right) + 4.\frac{{15}}{{16}} = \frac{{61 - 4\sqrt {15} }}{{16}}\).

Suy ra \(a = 61;b = - 4\). Do đó \(a + b = 57\).

d) \(B = 2\cos \alpha - 3\cos \left( {\pi - \alpha } \right) + 5\sin \left( {\frac{{7\pi }}{2} - \alpha } \right) + \cot \left( {\frac{{3\pi }}{2} - \alpha } \right)\)

\( = 2\cos \alpha + 3\cos \alpha - 5\cos \alpha + \tan \alpha \)\( = \tan \alpha \)\( = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }} = \frac{1}{4}:\left( { - \frac{{\sqrt {15} }}{4}} \right) = - \frac{{\sqrt {15} }}{{15}}\).

Đáp án: a) Sai; b) Đúng; c) Đúng; d) Sai.

Đường tròn lượng giác có bán kính bằng: