Cho x, y, z, t thuộc N*. Chứng minh rằng: M = x / (x + y + z) + y / (x + y + t) + z / (y + z + t)
Ta có:
•\[\frac{x}{{x + y + z}} > \frac{x}{{x + y + z + t}}\]
•\[\frac{y}{{x + y + t}} > \frac{y}{{x + y + z + t}}\]
•\[\frac{z}{{y + z + t}} > \frac{z}{{x + y + z + t}}\]
Do đó \[M > \frac{x}{{x + y + z + t}} + \frac{y}{{x + y + z + t}} + \frac{z}{{x + y + z + t}} + \frac{t}{{x + y + z + t}}\]
\[ \Rightarrow M > \frac{{x + y + z + t}}{{x + y + z + t}}\]
Þ M > 1
•\[\frac{x}{{x + y + z}} < 1 \Rightarrow \frac{{x + t}}{{x + y + z + t}} > \frac{x}{{x + y + z}}\]
•\[\frac{y}{{x + y + t}} < 1 \Rightarrow \frac{{y + z}}{{x + y + z + t}} > \frac{y}{{x + y + t}}\]
•\[\frac{z}{{y + z + t}} < 1 \Rightarrow \frac{{x + z}}{{x + y + z + t}} > \frac{z}{{y + z + t}}\]
•\[\frac{t}{{x + z + t}} < 1 \Rightarrow \frac{{y + t}}{{x + y + z + t}} > \frac{t}{{x + z + t}}\]
\[ \Rightarrow M < \frac{{2\left( {x + y + z + t} \right)}}{{x + y + z + t}}\]
Þ M < 2
Ta có: 1 < M < 2 Þ M không phải là số tự nhiên