Cho hai vectơ a, vecto b thoả mãn: |vecto a| = 4
Đáp án đúng là: A
Ta có: \({\left| {\overrightarrow a - \overrightarrow b } \right|^2} = {\left( {\overrightarrow a - \overrightarrow b } \right)^2} = {\overrightarrow a ^2} + {\overrightarrow b ^2} - 2\overrightarrow a \cdot \overrightarrow b = {\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right|^2} + {\left| {\overrightarrow b } \right|^2} - 2\overrightarrow a \cdot \overrightarrow b \).
Suy ra \(\overrightarrow a \cdot \overrightarrow b = \frac{{{{\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right|}^2} + {{\left| {\overrightarrow b } \right|}^2} - {{\left| {\overrightarrow a - \overrightarrow b } \right|}^2}}}{2} = \frac{{{4^2} + {3^2} - {4^2}}}{2} = \frac{9}{2}\).
Do đó, \[\cos \alpha = \cos \left( {\overrightarrow a ,\,\overrightarrow b } \right) = \frac{{\overrightarrow a \cdot \overrightarrow b }}{{\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right| \cdot \left| {\overrightarrow b } \right|}} = \frac{{\frac{9}{2}}}{{4 \cdot 3}} = \frac{3}{8}\], suy ra \(\alpha \approx 68^\circ \).